原创力文档Discovery of an overdensity of faint red galaxies in the vicinity of the z=1.786 radio gala.pdf
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Discovery of an overdensity of faint red galaxies in the vicinity of the z=1.786 radio gala
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Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 000, 1–5 (2003) Printed 2 February 2008 (MN LATEX style file v2.2)
Discovery of an overdensity of faint red galaxies in the
vicinity of the z = 1.786 radio galaxy 3C 294?
S. Toft,1?, K. Pedersen,1, H. Ebeling2 and J. Hjorth1
1Astronomical Observatory, University of Copenhagen, Juliane Maries Vej 30, DK-2100 Copenhagen ?, Denmark
2 Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaii, 2680 Woodlawn Drive, Honolulu, HI96822, USA
2 February 2008
ABSTRACT
We report the discovery of an overdensity of faint red galaxies in the vicinity of the
z = 1.786 radio galaxy 3C 294. The overdensity, discovered in a 84 min Ks-band
ISAAC/VLT image is significant at the 2.4σ level (compared to the local field density),
and overlaps with the extended X-ray emission around 3C 294 detected with the
Chandra X-ray Observatory. The near-infrared colours of the galaxies making up the
overdensity show a large scatter and the galaxies do not follow a red sequence in the
colour magnitude diagram. If the galaxies are in a cluster at z = 1.786 they must be
dominated by young stellar populations with different star-formation histories.
Key words: galaxies: clusters: individual: 3C 294 - galaxies: evolution - galaxies:
formation - galaxies: high redshift - cosmology: observations - X-rays: clusters
1 INTRODUCTION
The most powerful low-redshift radio galaxies are giant el-
liptical galaxies and are often found to be dominant cen-
tral galaxies in rich clusters. If this is also the case at
high redshift, luminous radio galaxies may be useful trac-
ers of distant clusters. Fabian et al. (2001) reported the de-
tection of diffuse X-ray emission with the characteristics
of an intracluster medium, surrounding the z = 1.786 ra-
dio galaxy 3C 294, suggesting the presence of a cluster of
galaxies around it. However, the 200 ksec Chandra follow-
up study (Fabian et al. (2003)) indicates that the diffuse
emission is most
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