Noise and vibration DC-motor(直流电机噪音及振动).pdfVIP

3482 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS, VOL. 40, NO. 6, NOVEMBER 2004 Characterization of Noise and Vibration Sources in Interior Permanent-Magnet Brushless DC Motors Hong-Seok Ko and Kwang-Joon Kim Abstract—This paper characterizes electromagnetic excitation forces in interior permanent-magnet (IPM) brushless direct cur- rent (BLDC) motors and investigates their effects on noise and vi- bration. First, the electromagnetic excitations are classified into three sources: 1) so-called cogging torque, for which we propose an efficient technique of computation that takes into account sat- uration effects as a function of rotor position; 2) ripples of mutual and reluctance torque, for which we develop an equation to charac- terize the combination of space harmonics of inductances and flux linkages related to permanent magnets and time harmonics of cur- rent; and 3) fluctuation of attractive forces in the radial direction between the stator and rotor, for which we analyze contributions of electric currents as well as permanent magnets by the finite-el- ement method. Then, the paper reports on an experimental inves- tigation of influences of structural dynamic characteristics such as natural frequencies and mode shapes, as well as electromagnetic excitation forces, on noise and vibration in an IPM motor used in washing machines. Index Terms—Brushless machines, electromagnetic forces, noise, permanent magnet, vibrations. I. INTRODUCTION CONVENTIONAL direct current commutator motors withpermanent magnets are easy to control and require few semiconductor devices. Yet, they have serious operational prob- lems in association with brushes. For examples, the brushes re- quire regular maintenance and induce noise by friction with the commutators. A solution for these problems is brushless direct current (BLDC) motors. BLDC motors can be classified into two types, as shown in Fig. 1 according to the geometric shape and location of permanent magnets. Compared with surface mounted perma-