集水区溪流整治率之研究-国立中兴大学水土保持学系.doc

集水區上游溪流整治率之研究-以頭汴坑集水區為例 劉佳芳(1) 鄧英慧(2) 周文杰(3) 摘要 本研究是以地理資訊系統配合影像處理技術，分析頭汴坑集水區之地文及水文特性，並將各項參數之資料自動轉成農業非點源污染模式之資料格式；用以評估集水區逕流水質、水量、與泥砂產量，供集水區溪流整治規畫設計之參考，所得結果摘述如下： 子集水區自動判識，可分段計算河道安全與合理之斷面。農業非點源污染模式之地表覆蓋因子(C)，可利用衛星影像資料計算集水區之常態差異植生指標(Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, NDVI)；經線性反向配置後(植生覆蓋濃密之林地為0.001；崩塌裸地為1.0)，可估算集水區內各小區之地表覆蓋因子，免除資料缺乏或主觀上不合理之認定。農業非點源污染模式係採用單場暴雨為評估基準，雖無法有效的評估集水區之年土壤流失量，惟可模擬設計頻率年之降雨強度，推算集水區各河段之逕流與土砂生產量，供溪流整治之參考。 關鍵字：地理資訊系統、農業非點源污染模式、常態差異植生指標 (1)：國立中興大學水土保持學系碩士生 (2)：台灣電力公司發電處水土保持專業工程師 (3)：中華大學土木系講師 The reconstructive rate of headwater streams: A case study on the Tou-Bian-Keng watershed Chia-Fang Liu(1) Ying-hui Teng(2) Wen-Chieh Chou(3) (1)： Department of Soil and Water Conservation, National Chung-Hsing University , Taichung , Taiwan , ROC. (2)：Professional Engineer of Soil Water Conservation , Department of Power Production , Taiwan Power Company (3)：Department of civil Engineering, Chung Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC. ABSTRACT Based on the geographic information system coupled with satellite image analysis technology, this study established an automatic delineation system to transform the watershed topographic and hydrologic data into the required agricultural non-point source pollution information. The basin characteristics for evaluating runoff quality, quantity, and sediment yield can be obtained by the system and to provide basic designing references for headwater streams reconstruction. The results obtained are presented as follows. The reasonable and stable stream profiles can be obtained using sub-watershed automatic delineation. The surface cover factor (C) in the agricultural non-point source pollution model can be acquired by the calculation of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and the using satellite image linear reverse transformation transformation (dense vegetation cover for forestland is 0.001; landslide bare soil is 1.0). The land cover characteristic derived from this method is capable of avoiding the defici