Androgenreceptorandprostatecancer.docVIP

Androgen receptor and prostate cancer E?Richter HYPERLINK /pcan/journal/v10/n2/full/4500936a.html \l aff1#aff1 \o affiliated with 1 1, HYPERLINK /pcan/journal/v10/n2/full/4500936a.html \l aff2#aff2 \o affiliated with 2 2, S?Srivastava HYPERLINK /pcan/journal/v10/n2/full/4500936a.html \l aff1#aff1 \o affiliated with 1 1 and A?Dobi HYPERLINK /pcan/journal/v10/n2/full/4500936a.html \l aff1#aff1 \o affiliated with 1 1 1Center for Prostate Disease Research, Department of Surgery, US Military Cancer Institute, Uniformed Services University, Rockville, MD, USA 2Urology Service, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA Correspondence: Dr S Srivastava and Dr A Dobi, Center for Prostate Disease Research, Department of Surgery, US Military Cancer Institute, Uniformed Services University, Rockville, MD 20852, USA. E-mails:  HYPERLINK mailto:ssrivastava@ ssrivastava@,  HYPERLINK mailto:adobi@ adobi@ Received 6?June?2006; Revised 17?October?2006; Accepted 5?November?2006; Published online 13?February?2007.  HYPERLINK /pcan/journal/v10/n2/full/4500936a.html \l top#top Top of page Abstract Since the original observations of Huggins and Hodges that prostate cancers are androgen dependent, androgen ablation therapy has been the gold standard for the treatment of advanced prostate cancer (CaP). Androgen receptor (AR) is believed to play critical roles in the development and progression of CaP. Treatment for neoadjuvant, adjuvant and recurrent disease all center on the regulation and manipulation of the androgen pathway, in which AR plays an integral role. Recent discoveries that frequent overexpression of ETS-related proto-oncogenes may be driven by AR as a consequence of common genomic rearrangements can hold the key towards the understanding of early phases of prostate cancer. Furthermore, AR function evolves as the cell changes towards a clinically androgen depletion independent state. Comprehension of AR function, regulation and abnormalities ar