卫生与安全相关的性别问题-中加合作农民工职业.ppt

与卫生与安全相关的性别问题 Health and Safety Issues at work affect both men and women workers工作中的卫生与安全问题对男性和女性工人都有影响 However, men and women: 然而，男人和女人 Tend to perform different tasks 往往执行不同的任务 Work in higher or lower numbers of different sectors 在不同的领域男性和女性的数量各不相同 Are often exposed to different workplace environments 所面对的工作环境有所不用 Face different types of demands and stresses 面对不同的要求和压力 Are often exposed to different risks 面对不同的危险 Are subject to different health and well-being outcomes 对健康或福利的要求也有所不同 The world of work is changing, but the workforce is still highly segregated on the basis of gender. 虽然全球的工作环境都在变化，但是劳动力中的性别分离还是很明显 Horizontal segregation occurs between sectors, between jobs in the same sector, and also between tasks in the same job. 横向分离体现于不同领域，同一领域中的不用工作，或同一工作中的不同任务 Vertical segregation occurs in the form of a larger proportion of men being employed in senior positions. 纵向分离体现于男性在高级职位中所占得比重大于女性 Women still carry out a greater proportion of unpaid work in the home and, if paid and unpaid demands are added together, women are generally seen to work longer hours than men, carry a heavier burden of workload, and have greater difficulty in balancing the demands of work and family. 女性在家庭中从事无偿工作的比例仍然远大于男性，并如果把有偿和无偿工作的需求加在一起，女性仍被一般认为工作更长时间，被分配更多任务，以及在面对工作家庭平衡时面临更大的难度。 In Canada,: 在加拿大 70% of all employed women are still concentrated in health, teaching, clerical, sales and service sectors as opposed to 29% of employed men. 女性受聘人员中的70％仍然集中于健康，教育，文书，销售和服务业等行业中，而男性受聘人员中的同一比例则为29％ 40% of employed women are involved in part-time work, temporary employment, self-employment or had multiple jobs, compared to 29% of employed men. 女性受聘人员中的40％有参与兼职，临时工，自营职业，或有多个工作，而男性受聘人员中的同一比例为29％ Differentiation by Tasks 工作任务中的区别 Traditionally, throughout the world, in many individual sectors such as agriculture, mining, manufacturing, construction and services, women and men perform different tasks. 传统上，在整个世界，在农业，采矿业，制造业，建筑业，和服务业等各个行业中，男性和女性负责执行不同的工作任务 Differentiatio