主谓致学生.docVIP

主谓一致 所谓的“主谓一致”，是指谓语在人称和数上必须保持一致。我们主要坚持两个原则：语法原则，就近原则。 在语法原则中，我总结了三种：第一种：谓语用单数的情况。 第二种：谓语用复数的情况。 第三种：谓语可单可复的情况。 （一）.谓语动词用单数形式的情况： 1可数名词单数及不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数： A ball is under the desk.球在书桌下。 The water is very hot.水很热。 clothing，equipment，furniture不可数名词→单数 2当and连结并列的可数名词时，指的是同一个人、物、一副用具时时，谓语用单数。 Our teacher and friend is Mr. Li. 李老师既是我们的老师又是我们的朋友 A knife and fork is on the table. 3学科如politics , physics , maths, gymnastics等,以及书名、戏剧名、报纸及国家的名称等复数名词作主语，谓语用单数： Physics is very interesting. The United States is a large country.美国是一个大国。 No news is good news.这个消息是真的。 4不定式、动名词或名词性从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 但是 what引导的主语从句，谓语动词视情况而定。 What we need is more time. What we need are more teachers. 5（1）more than one +单数名词 （2）many a +单数名词作主语 （3）a +单数名词+ or two More than one shop was stolen last night. 昨天晚上，不止一家商店被盗。 Many a student was late for school this morning. 今天早晨，许多学生上学迟到了 A student or two has failed the exam. 一两个学生考试不及格。 6 each, every, many a ,no,分别修饰并列的主语时， Every boy and every girl likes the film star. 所有的男孩和所有的女孩都喜欢这个电影明星。 ★Every boy and girl was invited. 所有的男孩和女孩都请了。分别修饰并列主语时， Many a boy and many a girl has handed in their books. 许多男孩和女孩已经上交了书。 7时间、距离、价格、度量衡的复数名词作主语时，谓语用单数，如： Ten miles isnt a long distance.十英里并非一段很长的距离。 8主语为单数名词或代词，后面跟有 with, together with, along with,except, but, besides，in addition to，as well as, rather than, including, ,like 等引起的短语，谓语动词仍用单数形式；若主语为复数，谓语动词用复数形式。 E-mail, as well as telephone, is playing an important part in daily communication. 邮件和电话在日常交往中起着重要的作用。 Mr. Green, together with a baby was on the bus. 格林先生和一个孩子在车上。 9One and a half+复数名词，谓语用单数 One and half apples is left on the table. 桌上剩了一个半苹果 （二）.谓语动词用复数形式的情况 1 His father and mother are professors. 连接两个名词指不同人、事物时 2 What he says and what he does do not agree. and连接两个相同的结构时 3 My trousers are under the bed. 表示成对物品的词 注意 当这类名词前有“量词+ of”来修饰时，谓语由量词决定 A pair of shoes is under the bed.床底下有一双鞋。 4 The +adj The old are well taken well in my country. 5 a number of +复数名词”作主语时，谓语用复数 The number of people invited was fifty, but