饱和土非饱和的初始地应力-有效应力公式推导.docVIP

问题：非饱和土的一维固结分析（abaqus在土木工程中的应用page158）9 m0 I9 L5 z2 O4 b$ P/ Z7 r一个2m高的土体，水位线在土体的中央，即1m处，所以土体下半部分饱和，上半部分非饱和。土体的重度=18KN/M3，水的重度为10kN/M3,土的初始孔隙比e0=1，顶部施加一均布荷载为10kpa 则其初始地应力如下： s+ U9 E w* T*initial conditions, type=stress, geostatic w6 K# K( t: J, c7 v: gnup,-9.789，2，-22.97，1，0.5ndown,-22.97，1，-35.97，0，0.5y=2时的地应力为-9.789是如何得出的？ 根据单向固结理论，有效应力=总应力-孔隙压应力。在非饱和问题中，ABAQUS采用的是：有效应力=总应力-饱和度*孔隙水压力。又由于ABAQUS对孔压正负号的规定和土力学中一致，而对应力正负号的规定和土力学中刚好相反，故上面公式中的“-”号要改为“+”号。手册中是分饱和，半饱和，以及干燥三部分说的，但是其给出的公式是两个，第一个是把饱和和非饱和结合到一块的，第二个是单存干燥的。 手册里地应力平衡和饱和度的计算为： Vertical equilibrium in a porous medium Most geotechnical problems begin from a geostatic state, which is a steady-state equilibrium configuration of the undisturbed soil or rock body under geostatic loading. The equilibrium state usually includes both horizontal and vertical stress components. It is important to establish these initial conditions correctly so that the problem begins from an equilibrium state. Since such problems often involve fully or partially saturated flow, the initial void ratio of the porous medium, , the initial pore pressure, , and the initial effective stress must all be defined. If the magnitude and direction of the gravitational loading are defined by using the gravity distributed load type, a total, rather than excess, pore pressure solution is used (see  HYPERLINK http://fsh:2080/v6.9/books/usb/pt03ch06s07at24.html “Coupled pore fluid diffusion and stress analysis,” Section 6.7.1). This discussion is based on the total pore pressure formulation. The z-axis points vertically in this discussion, and atmospheric pressure is neglected. We assume that the pore fluid is in hydrostatic equilibrium during the geostatic procedure so that where is the user-defined specific weight of the pore fluid (see  HYPERLINK http://fsh:2080/v6.9/books/usb/pt05ch22s07abm61.html “Permeability,” Section 22.7.2). (The pore fluid is not in hydrostatic equilibrium if there is significant steady-state flow of pore fluid through