Adaptive Self-Calibrating Iterative GRAPPA Reconstruction.pdf

NOTE Adaptive Self-Calibrating Iterative GRAPPA Reconstruction Suhyung Park, and Jaeseok Park* Parallel magnetic resonance imaging in k-space such as gen- eralized auto-calibrating partially parallel acquisition exploits spatial correlation among neighboring signals over multiple coils in calibration to estimate missing signals in reconstruc- tion. It is often challenging to achieve accurate calibration in- formation due to data corruption with noises and spatially varying correlation. The purpose of this work is to address these problems simultaneously by developing a new, adaptive iterative generalized auto-calibrating partially parallel acquisi- tion with dynamic self-calibration. With increasing iterations, under a framework of the Kalman filter spatial correlation is estimated dynamically updating calibration signals in a mea- surement model and using fixed-point state transition in a process model while missing signals outside the step-varying calibration region are reconstructed, leading to adaptive self- calibration and reconstruction. Noise statistic is incorporated in the Kalman filter models, yielding coil-weighted de-noising in reconstruction. Numerical and in vivo studies are per- formed, demonstrating that the proposed method yields highly accurate calibration and thus reduces artifacts and noises even at high acceleration. Magn Reson Med 000:000– 000, 2011. VC 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Key words: magnetic resonance imaging; parallel imaging; GRAPPA; self-calibration; adaptive; Kalman filter INTRODUCTION Partially parallel magnetic resonance imaging techniques (1–3), which exploit coil sensitivity information as sup- plementary spatial encoding using multiple receiver coils to reconstruct missing signals, have been widely used for rapid MR imaging applications. Among them, the generalized auto-calibrating partially parallel acquisi- tion (GRAPPA) (3), which typically attains additional calibration signals, exploits spatial correlation (convolu- tion