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Magnetic Interference Patterns and Vortices in Diffusive SNS junctions.pdf

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Magnetic Interference Patterns and Vortices in Diffusive SNS junctions

a r X i v : 0 7 0 7 .2 4 6 0 v 1 [ c o n d - m a t .s u p r - c o n ] 1 7 J u l 2 0 0 7 Magnetic Interference Patterns and Vortices in Diffusive SNS junctions J.C. Cuevas and F.S. Bergeret Departamento de F??sica Teo?rica de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Auto?noma de Madrid, 28049-Madrid, Spain (Dated: February 1, 2008) We study theoretically the electronic and transport properties of a diffusive superconductor- normal metal-superconductor (SNS) junction in the presence of a perpendicular magnetic field. We show that the field dependence of the critical current crosses over from the well-known Fraunhofer pattern in wide junctions to a monotonous decay when the width of the normal wire is smaller than the magnetic length ξH = p Φ0/H , where H is the magnetic field and Φ0 the flux quantum. We demonstrate that this behavior is a direct consequence of the magnetic vortex structure appearing in the normal region and predict how such structure is manifested in the local density of states. PACS numbers: 74.45.+c,74.50.+r,74.25.Qt Introduction.– The study of the modification of the properties of a normal metal in contact to superconductors, known as proximity effect, has a long history1. In the last years there has been a renewed interest in this subject because new experimental techniques have allowed resolving properties on smaller length scales and very low temperatures2. Although many electronic and transport properties of hybrid SN structures are now well understood, the situation is less satisfactory when dealing with the magnetic field dependence of those properties. A few years ago, Heida et al.3 measured the critical current as a funcion of a perpendicular magnetic field in ballistic SNS junctions of comparable length and width and found a periodicity close to 2Φ0, where Φ0 = h/2e is the flux quantum, instead of the standard Φ0 of the Fraunhofer pattern 4. This was qualitatively explained in Refs. [5,6] in terms of the classical trajectories associated