高中考试英语语法讲义.doc

非谓语动词 不定式 to do not to do 主动 被动 一般 to do进行 ―― 完成 完成进行 ―― 1. 做主语 To see is to believe. 形式主语用it It is …to do…. 2. 做宾语 demand to do 形式宾语用it I found it easy to do… 3. 做宾语补足语 1) 有些有动词+宾语+不定式的结构。例如：2) feel, hear, listen to, look at, notice, observe, see, watch, make, have, let 不带to, 改成被动有to, let 除外 3）有些有动词+宾语+不定式的结构，不定式的动词往往是be，to be 可以省去。 elieve, consider, prove, find, think等 4. 做定语 1) way, ability, ambition, attempt 等+to do 2) the only, the first, the last, the next, 序数词，形容词最高级+to do 3) nowhere, never, everywhere + to do 4) 表将来 the few weeks to com5) 当心介词 He’s looking for a house to live in. 6) I have something to wash 与 I have something to be washed 区别 5. 做状语，表示目的，结果，原因 1) I came here to see you. in order to, so as to, just to 2) He hurried to the school, (only) to find nobody was there. (结果) so…as to…, such… as to…, enough… to…, too…to…, only to… 注：too…to…可以不是否定意义，例如，too ready to help you annot....too…, only too + adj. 3) I’m glad to help you. (原因) 6. 做表语 My job was to teach children during the summer vacation. 7. 独立成分 To be honest, to tell you the truth, to begin with, to make a long story short 8. 与疑问词连用，…… why 和 why not 除外 9. 不定式时态 现在和将来 to do 过去 to have done ope 等表示意图、愿望的词，I had hoped to do=I hoped to have done 10. 语态， 主动，被动11. 不带to的不定式 1) 2) Why…, Why not… 3) would rather/sooner do than do would do rather than do 4) cannot but do 5) cannot help but do= cannot help doing 6) 有do 省to (but, except) 7) may as well do, may well do 12. for sb to do 与 of sb to do 区别 动名词 doing 主动 被动 一般 完成 1. 做主语 Seeing is believing 形式主语it It’s no use/good doing It’s not any use/good doing, useless 2. 做表语 My job is teaching English. 3. 做宾语 例如 finish doing 注a. allow, advise, forbid, permit, recommend doing sb to do b. need, require, want, deserve 用法 c. to 为介词 look forward to doing d. 句型 There is no + -ing. 意思为不可能干 There is no telling what’l