英语名词性从句的翻译.doc

Translation of Nominal Clauses English subordinate clauses are classified into six groups, namely, subject clause, objective clause, predicative clause, appositive clause, attributive clause and adverbial clause. Since the first four of them function as nouns in a complex sentence, they are generally called nominal clauses. In this section we are going to find some specific methods of translating nominal clauses. 英语名词性从句包括主语从句, 宾语从句, 表语从句和同位语从句, 在翻译这类从句时, 大多数可以按照原文的句序翻译成相应的汉语, 但是也有一些具体的处理方法. A.Subjective clauses: Usually we would like to translate noun clause in the same order, that is to say, to remain their original position. 例1. Whoever comes to our library will be welcome.（主语从句） 什么人到我们图书馆来都欢迎。例2. How and when human language developed and whether animals such as chimpanzees and gorillas can develop a more elaborate system of communication are issues at present being researched, but as yet little understood.人类的语言是如何发展起来的, 是什么时候形成的, 诸如黑猩猩和大猩猩一类的动物是否会形成一种更加复杂的交流系统, 都是现阶段人们研究的课题, 但对此人们都知之甚少。（主语从句）例3. How well the prediction will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount, reliability, and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted. (主语从句)这些预测能在多大程度上被后来的成绩所证实取决于所使用的信息的量、可靠性和适合程度, 并取决于对信息作出解释的技能和智慧。 When it functions as a formal subject, the subject clause may either precede or follow the principle clause. 例4. It is often said that wide reading is the best alternative course of action but even here it is necessary to make some kinds of selection.（主语从句）人们常说, 大量阅读是可供选择的最佳方案, 但即使在这一方面, 也需要某些选择。例5. 例5. And it is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can by no means be compared with these processes, and that they have to be acquired by a sort of special training. (主语从句)许多人认为, 普通人的思维活动根本无法与科学的思维相比, 认为这些思维过程必须经过某种专门的训练才能掌握。例6. From the end of the Second World War until very recently, it was generally accepted in Britain that the State should provide a full range of free educatio