儿童保健-生长发育-体格发育（英文） .ppt

CHILD GROWTH DEVELOPMENT; To master growth patterns of common used growth parameters. 2. To understand how to assess growth and development. 3. To know the important regularities of growth and development.;Definition Patterns of physical growth Other indices of growth Regularities of growth and development Growth assessment; Growth : defined as an increase in size of body, biological growth of an organism takes place through cell multiplication, this morphological growth can be measured clinically.; Development : is the association process of differentiation of the organism, in which growing tissues and organs take on increased complexity of function(physiological, motor, cognitive, affective).; Thus, since both processes are part of one whole, the combined terms growth and development form an unitary concept that indicates the quatitative and qualitative of maturational changes of an organism.; Physical growth can be assessed by various anthropometric measurements. ; is composed of tissues, organs ,systems and fluid, etc. is a common and sensitive measurement of physical growth, especially for evaluating present nutrient state. ;Increment(kg/y );1、 The first growth spurt occurs in the first year of life (the increment is about 6kg). ;About formulae: 3~12months: weight(kg)=(age month+9)/2 These formulae are used only for calculating dosage of drug and fluid in clinic. Because the growth is not at the same rate in different age, especially in infant; and the growth is affected by many factors, such as gene, environment and individual variation. ;Weight loss: Loss of 3%~ 9% of birth weight in the first few days of life is considered normal and is common for most newborns. ;Length/Stature;Increment(cm/y );1、 The first growth spurt occurs in the first year of life (the increment is about 25cm). ;Crown-rump/Sitting height; During the first year of life, spinal increase is faster than extremities. Later on, the ext