导学案：形式主语和形式宾语.docVIP

导学案 第  PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 4 页 共  NUMPAGES \* MERGEFORMAT 4 页 形式主语和形式宾语 【语言感知】 把下列句子译成汉语 1. It is uncertain whether he can come to Jenny’s birthday party or not. 2. It’s a pity that you missed the exciting football match. 3. It is reported that 16 people were killed in the earthquake. 4. It seemed that he didn’t tell the truth. 5.It’s necessary for the young to master two foreign language. 6. It’s very kind of you to help me with the work.=You are kind to help me. 7. It is not a good habit to stay up too late. 8. It’s a waste of time talking to her any more. 9. It took the workers almost three years to finish building the dam. 10.He found it difficult to stop smoking 11.I think it best that you should do more exercise. 12.She thought it no good worrying about him. 【合作探究】 形式主语或形式宾语指的是：当不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句在某个句子中作主语或宾语时，为保持句子结构前后平衡，避免头重脚轻，因此常用it作形式主语或形式宾语置于句首或句中动词之后，而将真正的主语或宾语放在句尾。此时it只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。主要有: 一、it作形式主语 It 作形式主语的常见句型： ① It + be + 形容词 + to do sth. / doing / that …. e.g. It is very important to learn a foreign language. (学一门外语非常重要。) It is useless crying over the spilt milk. (覆水难收。) It was really surprising that she married a man like that. (她嫁给那样的男士真让人惊讶。) ② It + be +名词词组 + doing / that …. e.g. It is no good telling lies. (撒谎没好处。) It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film yesterday.(你昨天没看成那部电影真遗憾。) It is a truth that there would be no new China without the Communist Party. (没有共产党就没有新中国，这是毋庸质疑的。) ③ It + be + 过去分词 + that …. 该句型常见动词有：say, hope, think, suppose, expect, report, know, believe, decide, etc. e.g. It is said that they have invented a new type of computer.(据说他们发明了一种新型电脑。) It is believed that China will become one of the strongest countries in the world. (大家都相信中国将会步入世界强国之列。) It was reported that more than 170 thousand people died in the 2004 tsunami. (据报道，至少有??七万人在2004年那场海啸中丧生。) ④ It + seems / appears / happens等不及物动词+ that …. e.g. It seems that he enjoys pop songs very much. (似乎他非常喜欢流行歌曲。) It appears that Tom might change his mind. (看来汤姆可