医学微生物教学大纲 MM英文.doc

Unit 15: Medical Microbiology Learning hours: 60 NQF level 4: BTEC Higher National – H2 Description of unit The overall aim of this unit is to give the learner a broad grounding in the theory and practice of medical microbiology. Pathogenic micro-organisms will be presented in context. For each of the major groups of pathogens the unit considers collection and transport of specimens, and isolation and identification of pathogens. As disease processes are not covered in this unit it is recommended that Unit 14: Infectious Diseases which examines these processes is also studied. It is assumed that the learner will have access to basic microbiological equipment and specimens but not that they will not be expected to use actual clinical materials or dangerous pathogens. This unit provides opportunities to discuss social and cultural issues in the wider curriculum. Summary of outcomes To achieve this unit a learner must: 1 Identify appropriate methods for the collection of specimens from patients 2 Isolate bacteria 3 Identify bacteria 4 Examine methods of screening for antibiotic sensitivity 5 Discuss other pathogens. Content 1 Methods for the collection of specimens from patients Specimens: blood, urine, faeces, skin samples, biopsies Collection and transport: collection device, type and design of container, transport medium Factors involved in the choice of method: operator safety, lability of the specimen, quality control needed to assure the outcome, avoidance of cross-contamination, requirements to keep records 2 Isolate bacteria The bacterial cell: growth conditions and isolation, aseptic techniques Isolation and primary identification: microscopy, colonial appearance, practical use of methods Type of isolation medium: influence of the nature of the sample and the clinical findings 3 Identify bacteria Testing systems: biochemical (eg API 20E), serological (eg OXOID Strep) Other tests: coagulase, DNA-based test Choice of tests: for rapid diagnosis, for classificatio