lecture2限定词(二)范本.pptVIP

Lecture 2Determiner （2）;Word Study ;二、冠词;2、名词与冠词使用的重要技巧从名词角度来看，对于名词与冠词的使用，以下几条是核心：⑴ 单数可数名词：单数可数名词不能单独使用，必须与冠词或其它限定词连用。⑵ 复数名词和不可数名词：对于复数名词和不可数名词，以下两点必须掌握：1）不能与不定冠词a(n)连用。2）复数名词或不可数名词在表示泛指时，不可用the。复数名词或不可数名词在表示特指时，要用the。;例如：①Life is hard sometimes. ∕ Life is education in itself. ∕ The writer is writing a book about the life of blacks in America. ②I love music, poetry and art. ∕ I don’t like the film, but I like the music (of the film). ③Air is a colorless and tasteless gas. ∕ The air in this room is stuffy. Please open the windows.④Books become more and more expensive. ∕ Put away the books on your desk. ⑤Pencils contain lead (铅). ∕ Who put the pencils on the desk?⑥Sugar isn’t very good for you. ∕ Can you pass me the sugar, please?请注意，表示特指的复数可数名词或不可数名词，他们一般带有各种短语或从句作后置定语，以限定这些名词所指的事物范围。;3、冠词的用法;⑵ 在谈到说话人和听话人双方都知道的事物时，要用the。比如在自己家的房间里，我们要说the light, the floor, the door, the window, the carpet。例如：①Can you turn off the light, please? (＝the light in our room)②Shut the door, please!③How do you like the film?④A: Do you need the car today, honey? B: Yes. I have a lot of things to do. Why don’t I drive you to work today? C: OK. But be sure to fill the car up with gas.;⑶ 表示世界上独一无二的事物：the earth, the sky, the moon, the world, the universe⑷ 形容词或副词最高级、序数词以及only用作形容词加名词连用时，它们前面一般要用the。例如：①the only∕best way to cope with the problem ②This is the first time I’ve come to Beijing.⑸ 在乐器、乐队、合唱团及流行音乐团体前加the。例如：the Beatles，the Philadelphia Orchestra，play∕learn the guitar，learn the piano注意：运动项目前不用the。如play chess, play football (basketball, table tennis) ;⑹专有名词前带有表示职业的词语或限制性修饰词时，要用the。⑺海洋、江河、海湾、山脉、群岛、沙漠、以复数形式出现的地理名称、带有of词组的岛名，一般要用the。⑻组织、机关、机构、公共建筑、车船等名称前，大多用the。⑼许多报纸、杂志名称前带the。⑽度量衡名称之前常用the。;4、何时不用冠词;⑵ 表示球类、棋类运动项目时不加冠词。例如：play football, play chess, play tennis⑶ 下列这些限定词彼此排斥，不能同时出现在名词前面：1）冠词：the, an, a； 2）物主形容词：my, your, his, her, our, their；3）指示形容词：this, that, these, those； 4）名词属格：Tom’s, John’s;⑷ the在一些特殊的名词前省略：1）nature：泛指自然界（动、植物及无生