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Module4Grammar精品课件外研版必修1.ppt
外研版
高一年级 (必修1)
Module 4;Grammar;现在完成时(Present perfect tense)
(一) 现在完成时的基本用法:
1. 表示动作到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成。
I have finished my work.
We have set up many new factories.;2. 动作发生在过去, 强调对现在的结果、影响等。
Have you ever seen the film “Harry Potter”?
I’ve spent 3 years in the countryside.;
;4. 现在完成时可以用在条件或时间状语从句中, 表示将来某个时刻之前已经完成的动作。
e.g. I’ll go home as soon as I have
finished my homework.
Please lend me that book if you have
finished reading it. ;(二) 使用现在完成时的句型
1) 现在完成时+since + 点时间状语(名词、短语、从句, 其中从句用一般过去时)
2) 现在完成时+ for+ 段时间状语
3) It / This is the first /其他序数词/ last time + that 从句中, 从句使用现在完成时。;★ 注意: 在下面的句子中, 主句的谓语动词常用一般现在时:
It is three years since I began to work on the farm.
It’s a long time since I saw you last.;现在完成时表示某一已经完成的动作对现在造成的结果或影响, 强调的是现在的情况, 所以不能与表示过去的时间状语连用; 一般过去时只表示某一动作或状态在过去发生或存在过, 与现在不发生联系, 它可以与表示过去的时间状语连用。;He has read that book.
(说明他现在知道那本书的内容)
He read that book last year.
(只说明他去年读过那本书)
He has gone to America.
(他现在不在此地, 在美国)
He went to America.
(只说明他去过美国);(四) 终止性动词与延续性动词:
1. 终止性动词: 表示短暂的运动状态,不能和表示一段时间的状语连用,常用的动词有: come, go, start, begin, leave, arrive, reach, get, get up , join, marry, open, close, give, lend, borrow, finish, break, see, hear, notice, find, understand, die 等。;2. 延续性动词: 表示长时间的运动状态,能和表示一段时间的状语连用。
常用的动词有: live, study, work, teach, stay, read, play, fly, talk, rain, eat, run等。;1. —Has your father returned from Africa yet?
—Yes, but he ____ here for only three days before his company sent him to Australia.(辽宁2007)
A. was B. has been C. will be D. would be;2. Danny ____ hard for long to realize his dream and now he is popular. (福建2007)
A. works B. is working
C. has worked D. worked;3. I like these English songs and they ____ many times on the radio. (安徽2008)
A. taught B. have taught
C. are taught D. have been taught
4. So far this year we ____ a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent. (福建2008)
A. saw
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