英语应用能力考试中.pptVIP

英语应用能力考试中的 分词与独立主格; 主要内容 1. 通过例句讲解分词作状语的理解技巧。 2. 通过例句讲解分词作定语的理解技巧。 3. 独立主格结构的四个特征。 4. 独立主格的用法。 重点和难点 1.掌握两个语法项目的理解技巧。 2.弄清两个语法项目的区别与用法。 ;理解技巧一 分词的掌握 1.分词作状语时,其逻辑主语通常应与句子的主语一致。 2.现在分词表示主动，进行。过去分词表示被动，完成。 3. 从一个复杂的句子中精确地找出主语，然后以主语为标准，才能确定主动或被动。 ; 一、分词作状语 1. (be) _______ sick, I am often absent from class. 我经常因病缺课。（原因） 2. (see) ________ the PLA men, the children rushed to greet them. 3. (see) ________ from the top of the hill, the park looks very beautiful. ; 4. (give)________ more time, we could do it much better. 5. _________his key, he couldn’t enter the room. A. Having been lost B. He had lost C. Having lost D. Losing 6. ___________ several times, he knew the fact at last. A. Told B. Telling C. Having told D. Having been told 7.(not receive) ______________________ an answer, he decided to write another letter. ;8. He sent me an E-mail, _____ to get further information. A. hoped B. hoping C. to hope D. hope 9. She is writing a letter to a friend of hers, _________him to the party . A. having invited B. inviting C. to invite D. invited ;10. When first (introduce)___________ to the market, these products enjoyed great success. 11. While ________(wait) there, he saw two pretty girls come out of the building. 12. Well not attack unless (attack) ________ . ;二、分词作定语 理解技巧三 a. 现在分词用来修辞名词或代词表示这个被修辞的名词和动词之间是主动关系，即V-ing。 b. 被修辞的名词或代词跟动词之间是被动关系,则需要用动词的过去分词形式, 即V-ed 。 ; 1. A little child (learn)__________ to walk often falls. 学走路的小孩常常跌跤。 2. The man (talk) _______ with my father is Mr. Wang. 3. Only the people (invite)_________ can have dinner here. 注：be 的现在分词 being 不能用作定语放在名词前，但??用在分词被动形式中。如： ; 理解技巧四 分词作定语时与其所修饰的名词有逻辑上的主谓关系。 被动意义的分词作定语时的用法： done 表示已经完成的动作 to be done 表示尚未开始的动作 being done 表示正在进行之中的动作 ; 4. This is one of the problems ________ at the meeting at present. A. discussed B. discussing C. to be discussed D. being discussed 5. The pr