表观遗传与疾病--细胞重塑与基因的转录调控.pptVIP

表观遗传,细胞重塑与基因的转录调控;什么是表观遗传？ 2.表观遗传是研究什么的？ 3.表观遗传和传统的遗传是什么关系？ 4. 基因表达的转录调控;表观遗传的定义;表观遗传的形式：;表观遗传的主要研究内容;获得性可以遗传－－拉马克与达尔文之争;现代遗传学;达尔文完胜拉马克;Genetic tags are passed down through generations When the zygote is formed many epigenetic tags are removed from the chromosomes of the parents, but some remain ;Studies in the field of epigenetics shows that parent’s experiences are passed on to offspring through epigenetic tags ;Environmental Factors;人类基因组计划（１９９０－２０００）;近年来，各大疾病例如癌症，糖尿病等都成上升趋势，为什么？ 营养（地沟油，三聚氰胺，各种添加剂，化肥农药的不当等），环境污染等外界因素;Identical Twins are different; ;Pubmed search for epigenetics papers;-恶性肿瘤发生发展的表观遗传机制，2011 -肺癌发生发展的表观遗传机制， 2011 -前列腺癌的发生发展的表观遗传机制，2012 -若干项关于细胞重新编程和多能干细胞诱导的项目N多个 ;1.近１０年，对于表观遗传的研究成爆炸式上升 2. 国家也投入了很多经费资助表观遗传的研究 3. 表观遗传对很多种常见疾病的发生具有重要作用;Type 2 diabetes across generations: from pathophysiology to prevention and management. Lancet. 2011 Jul9; 378(9786):169-81. Genetics and epigenetics in the fibrogenic evolution of chronic liver diseases. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2011 Apr;25(2):269-80. Epigenetic deregulation in rheumatoid arthritis. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2011;711:137-49. A new epigenetic challenge: systemic lupus erythematosus. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2011;711:117-36. Does genomic imprinting play a role in autoimmunity? Adv Exp Med Biol. 2011;711:103-16. Epigenetic codes of PPARγ in metabolic disease. FEBS Lett. 2011 Jul 7;585(13):2121-8. Cancer epigenetics and targeted therapies. Oncology (Williston Park). 2011 Mar;25(3):228, 231. Epigenetics, spermatogenesis and male infertility. Mutat Res. 2011 May-Jun;727(3):62-71. ;９. The role of epigenetics in the developmental origins of allergic disease. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2011 May;106(5):355-61; 10. Epigenetic aspects of posttraumatic stress disorder. Dis Markers. 2011 Jan;30(2-3):77-87. 11.Genetic basis of autism: is there a way forward? Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2011 May;24(3):226-36. 12. Epigenetics in cardiovascular disease. Curr Opin Cardiol. 2011 May;26(3):209-15. ;外界因子通过表观遗传对基因的表达调控来改变表型;D