Unit3SectionⅣGrammarWriting课件（人教版必修五）.ppt

Section Ⅳ　Grammar Writing;;2．(P18)______________________________，his parents’ company，called“Future Tours”, transported me safely into the future in a time capsule. 3．(P22)__________________________________, it spins slowly in space to imitate the pull of the earth’s gravity. ;过去分词作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。其逻辑主语一般与句子的主语保持一致，过去分词与逻辑主语之间一般是被动关系。表示时间、原因、条件、让步的过去分词短语可以拓展成相应的状语从句。;一、过去分词或过去分词短语作状语 1．时间状语 过去分词作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句。也可在过去分词前加上连词“when，while，until”等，使其时间意义更明确。 ;Seen from the top of the hill，the city looks more beautiful.＝When it is seen from the hill，the city looks more beautiful.从山顶看,城市显得更漂亮。 Don’t speak until asked to.＝Don’t speak until you are asked to.当被要求发言时，你才能讲话。 ;2．原因状语 过去分词作原因状语，相当于一个原因状语从句。 Written in a hurry，this article was not so good. ＝Because it was written in a hurry，this article was not so good.因为写得匆忙，这篇文章不是很好。 ;3．条件状语 可用在连词if，unless之后，相当于一个条件状语从句。 Given more time，we could do it much better. ＝If we were given more time，we could do it much better.多给我们点时间，我们会做得更好。 ;4．让步状语 有时可用在although，though，even if，even though，whether...or等连词之后，相当于一个让步状语从句。 Though warned of the storm，the farmers were still working in the fields. ＝Though they had been warned of the storm,the farmers were still working in the fields.虽然农民们已被警告将有风暴，但他们仍然在地里干活。 ;5．方式或伴随状语 此时相当于一个由and连接的并列结构。 The teacher entered the classroom，followed by a group of his students. ＝The teacher entered the classroom and he was followed by a group of his students. 老师走进教室，后面跟着一群他的学生。 ;二、过去分词作状语用法点津 (1)作状语的过去分词其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，且主语是过去分词动作的承受者,即过去分词表示的动作与主语之间是动宾关系。 Given another hour，I can also work out this problem.(I和give之间是动宾关系)再给我一个小时，我也能解出这道题。 ;(2)值得注意的是，有些过去分词及短语因来源于系表结构，作状语时不强调被动而重在描述主语的状态。这样的过去分词及短语常见的有：lost(迷路);seated(坐);hidden(躲)；lost/absorbed in(沉溺于)；dressed in(穿着)；tired of(厌烦)。 Lost in thought，he didn’t hear the bell. 由于陷入沉思之中，他没有听到铃声。 ;(3)过去分词常跟when，while，after，if，unless，although/though,as if等连词一起用,修饰谓语动词。 Metals expand when heated.金属被加热会膨胀。 过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别： 过去分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即表被动；现在分词与句子的主语