复旦研究生《细胞免疫》that provide help to B cells 5 , 8 . B cell.pdfVIP

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复旦研究生《细胞免疫》that provide help to B cells 5 , 8 . B cell.pdf

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FOCUS ON 50 years of B cells PERSPECTIVES specificity’ paper by Nossal and Lederberg9. TIMELINE By 1972, the term ‘helper T?cells’ was widely used to describe the thymus-educated cells A brief history of T?cell help to that provide help to B?cells5,8. Discovery of interleukin?4. The nature of the B?cells ‘help’ was not immediately apparent5. Indeed, even today we are still trying to understand Shane Crotty the process of T?cell help to B?cells. One early model was that helper T?cells may secrete Abstract | In celebration of the 50th anniversary of the discovery of B?cells, I take a one or more cytokines that are the molecular look back at the history of T?cell help to B?cells, which was discovered 47?years ago. embodiment of the ‘help’ to B?cells. In 1982, In addition, I summarize and categorize the distinct molecules that are expressed interleukin?4 (IL?4) was discovered as the by CD4+ T?cells that constitute ‘help’ to B?cells, and particularly the molecules first B?cell help factor10,11 (FIG.?1). The role of IL?4 was identified on the basis of its secretion expressed by T follicular helper (TFH) cells, which are the specialized providers of help to B?cells.