机车车辆二系弹簧载荷分配优化的改进遗传算法.pdfVIP

第 47 卷第 7 期 中南大学学报(自然科学版) Vol.47 No.7 2016 年 7 月 Journal of Central South University (Science and Technology) July 2016 DOI: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7207.2016.07.046 机车车辆二系弹簧载荷分配优化的改进遗传算法 韩锟，潘迪夫，韩洪飞 (中南大学 交通运输工程学院，湖南 长沙，410075) 摘要：为解决现有轨道机车车辆二系弹簧载荷优化调整算法在加垫控制性能上的欠缺，避免冗余计算，在构建轨 道机车车辆二系支承结构几何模型和二系弹簧载荷分布调整优化模型基础上，提出一种改进遗传算法。该算法针 对标准遗传算法求解时存在的加垫位置过多、加垫总量过大的问题，结合二系弹簧载荷增减载系数矩阵的特点， 引入加垫位置约束条件改进个体编码方式；针对标准遗传算法在迭代后期存在无为冗余计算的问题，引入车体无 张力状态判别条件改进算法优化准则，对提出的改进遗传算法进行实验验证。研究结果表明：所提出的算法因为 引入加垫位置约束条件和无张力状态判别条件，在减小搜索可行域的同时有效避免了冗余计算，在获得相同求解 精度时，求解效率和加垫控制特性均优于未改进的遗传算法，效率提高 35.50%，加垫总量减少 28.44%。 关键词：机车二系弹簧载荷；调簧；遗传算法 中图分类号：U260.72；TP18 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1672−7207(2016)07−2521−07 An improved genetic algorithm for secondary spring load equalization of railway vehicles HAN Kun, PAN Difu, HAN Hongfei (School of Traffic Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China) Abstract: In order to solve the problem of excessive shim quantity generated by standard genetic algorithm (SGA) and to avoid redundant computation, an improved genetic algorithm (IGA) for secondary spring load equalization of railway vehicles was presented based on the simplified geometry model and optimization model of secondary suspension system. Aimed at the excessive shim quantity generated by SGA, a location constraint-based coding strategy derived from load increase coefficient matrix for secondary suspension system was applied. Aimed at the low efficiency of SGA, the criterion of tension free position of the car-body was introduced to modify the optimization rule. Calculative examples were made by using IGA. The results show that IGA algorithm can reduce the feasible region without redundant computation due to the introduction of the location constraint and the optimality criterion. Compared with the SGA algorithm, IGA algorithm can achieve higher efficiency and better shim quantity control ability with the same accuracy, and the solving efficiency is increased by 35.50% while the total shim quantity