6动词的基本概念.pptVIP

动 词 的 基 本 概 念;一、谓语动词是单句的重要标志，在没有 并列连词连接的情况下，一个单句只能有 一个谓语动词。如果要出现其它动词，则 有以下几种方式：;① 用并列连词 (and, or, but) 或并列的标点符号： 分号、冒号、破折号(;:—) 将动词或句子并列: ◆ I got on a bus and headed for the next stop of my life. ② 用关系词 (which, that, who, whom, when, where, why等) 或从属连词 (that, what, who, whom, which, when, where, how, why等) 将两个句子 变为主从复合句: ◆ I got on a bus which started for the next stop of my life. ③ 将除谓语动词以外的其它动词变为非谓语 动词 (to do; doing; done) : ◆ It got on a bus starting for the next stop of my life. ;二、系动词的功能是表明事物是怎样的 （系：是），故所有系动词在语法上都可 以用be动词代替，只是比be动词更具体 如： His first performance proved successful. (=His first performance was successful.) How it worked remained a mystery. (=How it worked was a mystery.);三、系动词、不及物动词没有被动语态， 所以没有被动的非谓语动词形式。 我从不羡慕属于别人的幸福。 I have never desired the happiness belonging to others. 他笑了，似乎对我的建议感到满意。 He smiled, seeming pleased with my suggestion. ;四、瞬间动词可用于完成时态，但是不能 和表示一段时间的状语连用。 我想你见不着他了，他已经离开办公室了。 I don’t think you will meet him; he has left his office. 我想你见不着他了，他离开办公室很久了。 I don’t think you will meet him; he has been away for a long time. ;五、助动词(包括情态动词)的作用: (帮)助(谓语)动词，说明主语的人称，动作发生的时间，句子的语气等。 He has won the election. I did see him yesterday. Do you attend this school? He shall be responsible for the damage. If I could do it, I would do it. Who do you suggest ____ ask to give us a talk on energy conservation? A. I should B. should I B. I will D. will I;六、情态动词、不定式符号to后只能接动词 原形，故表过去动作时需用have done。 他那天一定不在家。 He can’t have been at home that day. 据说他以前拍过一部电影。 He is said to have made a film. 你刚才肯定在想别的事。 You must have been thinking about something else. 我当时本想去的，但是太忙了。 I’d love to have gone there, but I was too busy.