山东省冠县一中高中英语《Book3Module1Grammar》课件.ppt

The passive voice;被动语态 (Passive Voice);2. 结构：be+过去分词 被动语态时态变化反映在be动词形式上. 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般将来时 或 过去将来时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时;3. 用法：在日常生活中，能用主动语态就尽量不用被动语态。只有在下列情况中我们才用被动语态： 1）不清楚动作的执行者。 The front window in the classroom was broken yesterday. 2)说话人对宾语更感兴趣（用by引导动作的执行者）。 My TV set is being repaired in the shop. The song was composed by a young worker. 这首歌是一位年青工人谱写的。;3) 不愿说出动作的执行者,常用一些句式。 “It is said that…”（据说……）， “It is reported that …”（据报道……）， “It is well known that …”（众所周知…） It is said that she is going to be married to a foreigner. 据说她要嫁给一个外国人。 It is generally considered impolite to ask ones age, salary, marriage, etc.. 问别人的年龄、工资、婚姻状况等通常被认为是不礼貌的。;4) 出于修辞，或为了更好地安排句子。 The professor came to our school and was warmly welcomed by the teachers and students.（后半句用被动式就可以只安排一个主语。） 4. 带情态动词的被动结构 句式为“情态动词 + be + 过去分词”。或“ought to和have to + be + 过去分词”： The debt must be paid off before next month. The debt has to be paid off before next month. ;Oil can be turned into energy by burning it. You ought to be criticized for your carelessness. 5.主动句变被动句 1) 主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语，如果是宾格，变成主格；主动句中的谓语变为被动句的谓语；主动句的主语变为by 短语（没必要时可省）。 Bell invented the telephone in 1876. The telephone was invented by Bell in 1876.;练习一 1. My mother made the soup. 2. Uncle Wang will repair my computer. 3. You must clean your room once a week. 4. The boy broke the window. 5. The workers are building a new bridge. ;6. I can not find my dictionary. 7. Do students learn English in the middle school? ;2) 关于带有两个宾语的主动态变成被动态: She sent me a novel on my birthday. I allowed him an hour to finish the work. 这种主动句变被动态，可选两个宾语中的任何一个作为被动态句的主语，而将另一个宾语作为“保留宾语”写入被动态的句中。如果直接宾语作“主语”，有时要在被动态句子的“保留宾语”前加上合适的介词。因为这些动词常有两种句式，即：give sb sth=give sth to sb, send sb sth= send sth to sb , buy sb sth = buy sth for sb;对比： She sent me a novel on my birthday. =I was sent a novel on my birthday by her. =A novel was sent to me on my birthday by her. My brother bought me a watch yesterday. =I was bought a watch yesterday by m