语法精讲强化系列 9情态动词和虚拟语气.pptVIP

9. 情态动词和虚拟语气;一、情态动词 考点1　9大情态动词的基本用法 1. can/could (1)表示能力(could常用于过去的能力) *The police still haven’t found the missing child, but they’re doing all they can. ;(2)表示理论上的可能性, “有时候可能会”(用在肯定句中) *It can be quite windy there, especially in spring. (3)表示请求和允许, 口语中常用could代替can(could用来表示现在, 用以委婉地提出请求等, 但回答时必须用can) *Could you tell me how I can get to the railway station?;(4)表示推测“可能”(用于否定句、疑问句中) *Just be patient. You can’t expect the world to change so soon. ;2. may/might (1)表示请求、允许、许可, might比may的语气更委婉 *—May I take the book out? —I’m afraid not. ;(2)表示推测“可能”, 可能性比can/could小 *—I don’t really like James. Why did you invite him? —Don’t worry. He might not come. He said he wasn’t certain what his plans were. ;3. must (1)表示“必须; 应该” *—Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now? —I am afraid you must, in case he comes late for the meeting. (2)表示“偏要, 硬要”做某事 *If you must go, at least wait until the storm is over. ;(3)表示推测, “一定” *—Good morning. I’ve got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department. —Ah, good morning. You must be Mrs Peter. ;4. shall (1)用于第一、三人称的疑问句中, 表示征求对方的意见 *Shall we go to the theatre by bus?;(2)用于第二、三人称的陈述句, 表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁; 此外, 表示法律、条文中规定必须……时也用shall *—Will you read me a story, Mummy? —OK. You shall have one if you go to bed as soon as possible. ;5. should (1)表示劝告和建议, 作“应该”讲 *You should learn from each other. (2)表示惊讶、意外等情绪, 意为“竟然” *It is surprising that you should not know it. ;(3)用在if条件句中, 表示可能性很小, 但也不是完全不可能 *If you should fail to come, ask Mr Smith to work in your place. ;6. will/would (1)用于表示意志或意愿 *—Why didn’t you come to Simon’s party last night? —I wanted to, but my mom simply would not let me out so late at night. (2)表示“请求; 建议”。用would比will委婉、客气些 *Will/Would you please keep the door open?;(3)表示习惯, will可以表示现在的习惯, 意为“总是; 习惯于”。表示过去的习惯性动作用would *He would get up early when he lived in the country. (4)表示事物的某种性质和倾向, 或按规律“注定会” *Oil will float on water. ;7. need 表示“需要; 必要”, 用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句中 *I needn’t worry about my weekend—I always