Endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene therapy of cardiovascular disease status.docVIP

 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 23 Endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene therapy of cardiovascular disease status [Keywords:] Endothelial nitric oxide synthase, nitric oxide, gene transfer, gene therapy, cardiovascular disease Studies have shown that many cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis (AS, restenosis, hypertension, coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease and the occurrence and development of nitric oxide synthase / nitric oxide (NOS / NO dysfunction is closely relationships (1). Therefore, the reconstruction of NOS / NO system functions as one of the strategies to treat cardiovascular disease. but NO to give a direct result of the short half-life, easy to produce tolerance, side effects, such as it was in the clinical application is limited. NOS gene Transfer to solve this problem undoubtedly provide new ideas and methods. NOS 3 isozymes, although can produce NO, but its formation conditions, the role of target organs and the role is still the focus. because the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS in the vascular wall plays an important role, scholars eNOS gene therapy for cardiovascular disease, the preferred enzyme (1), this article eNOS gene therapy for heart and vascular disease research status are reviewed. 1 NO and eNOS NO from L arginine catalyzed by NOS. There are three human NOS isoforms, namely neuronal (nNOS), inducible (iNOS, endothelial eNOS, eNOS and nNOS mainly in endothelial cells and neurons is Ca2 + / calmodulin (CaM-dependent enzyme, iNOS by macrophages and other cells is Ca2 + / CaM-independent enzyme (1). In the physiological level, eNOS and nNOS to maintain a low level of activation degree, maintain a stable internal environment since, and iNOS can induce a large number of NO, which often lead to pathological injury (2). eNOS in endothelial cells produce NO by catalyzing played inhibit platelet aggregation, platelet and monocyte endothelial adhesion, vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, LDL oxidation