Flow shear stress signal transduction and the relationship between atherosclerosis.docVIP

 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 20 Flow shear stress signal transduction and the relationship between atherosclerosis Of: Wu Chunyan, Liu Lu-Shan, Jiang Zhisheng [Keywords:] Atherosclerosis; shear stress; signal transduction; endothelial cells 1 Structure and Function of the endothelium Vascular endothelium is in contact with blood vessel wall single cells, is the circulation of blood and an important barrier between the vessel wall, in addition to regulating blood vessels inside and outside the material exchange, there are many important features, including: synthesis and release of vasoactive substances, intake, conversion, or inactivation of the local blood circulation or vascular bioactive molecules regulate the relaxation of vascular smooth muscle contraction and other functions. endothelial cell function not only by growth factors, hormones and other biochemical substances in the regulation of blood flow also affected by mechanical force effects, the latter signaling pathway by activating the appropriate regulation of vascular endothelial and smooth muscle structure and function [1]. 2 shear stress on endothelial cells Blood flow mainly by endothelial cells along the tangent of the surface shear stress (shear stress), hydrostatic pressure of blood on the vessel wall (pressure) and blood flow of the blood vessels of stretch (strain) 3 the role of mechanical force flow, which forces can stimulate the release of vasoactive substances and changes in gene expression, in the regulation of endothelial cell morphology and function play an important role [2]. In Biomechanics and the occurrence of atherosclerosis between the mechanisms, the role of shear stress is considered to be the most important factor, which can increase the activity of many kinases, which regulate many endothelial cell signal transduction protein phosphorylation, such as mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in protein, and thus make the downstream signaling cascade, including s