Mechanism of tumor vaccines and research progress.docVIP

 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 11 Mechanism of tumor vaccines and research progress Author: Ouyang Qing, Wei Yuying, Kim Bo-Quan, Yang Kun [Keywords:] tumor; tumor immunity; cancer vaccine 0 Introduction has been used for cancer are treated with surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy three conventional methods. More than one hundred years ago, Caley immunized with the bacteria the body, the observed tumor shrinkage. Since it is recognized that tumors can induce immune response, while the body’s immune system also has to monitor the role of the tumor. tumor vaccine generation is based on this understanding, the use of tumor-specific antigen to enhance the immunogenicity of the basic methods to induce the body’s anti-tumor immune response, in order to achieve reduction and elimination of tumorPurpose . A tumor-specific immune mechanisms and tumor immune escape mechanism for tumors in the body can trigger humoral immune response and cellular immune responses, the latter dominated. Tumor antigen in the cells after processing into peptide on the cell surface major histocompatibility Complex  Ⅰ (major histocompatibility complex, MHC  Ⅰ ) class I molecules binding and were handed the CD8 cytotoxic T lymphocytes, or tumor cells start off, and then uptake by antigen-presenting cells, processed into peptides after the surface MHC  Ⅱ type molecules and were transmitted to the CD4 helper T lymphocytes, thereby inducing the body’s anti-tumor immune response. It is noteworthy that CD4 T lymphocytes and CD8 T lymphocyte activation requires MHC  peptide complex, and immune co-stimulatory molecules co-stimulatory effect [1], while the lack of co-stimulatory molecule is the body’s tumor-induced peripheral immune tolerance may be one of the mechanisms. oncology because of its great heterogeneity and genetic instability, in the the body environment, long immune selective pressure, will launch a series of immune escape mechanisms, against the body’s anti-tumor immune response.