Natriuretic peptide and heart failure.doc

 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 17 Natriuretic peptide and heart failure Keywords: natriuretic peptide; heart failure With heart failure (CHF) study of the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of the gradual deepening of nerves in the body fluids in the occurrence and development of the role of heart failure by the wide attention. Natriuretic peptide (natriuretic peptide) is a closely watched in recent years, one of the factors. A natriuretic peptide classification and biological characteristics of 1.1 Atrial natriuretic peptide (antrial natriuretic peptide, ANP) ANP is a cyclic 28 amino acid peptide, the normal synthesis mainly in the atrium of 126 amino acids before the hormone (proANP1  126) is stored in atrial granules, secreted, serine protease proANP1  126 is divided into N-terminal fragment (from 98 amino acid composition), and Moore has a biological activity such as the ANP, two fragments exist in the plasma, N-terminal fragment (N  ANP) were considered to have ANP activity, ANP-specific receptors through the hydrolysis and was quickly removed from the circulation, N  ANP appears to have a longer half-life, and the detection of more stable, so that N  ANP from the plasma to determine the cardiac ANP secretion. In the heart failure and cardiac volume overload, ANP and the former N  ANP secretion of hormones are increased, is due to increased tension and atrial wall stretch caused by the activation of the heart caused by hormonal systems. ANP levels and left atrial pressure are closely linked. Although the normal adult ventricular organization does not produce nearly ANP, but in fetal and neonatal ventricular organizations as well as ventricular hypertrophy can be found in ANP. Even ANP levels may be associated with heart transplantation in moderate to severe rejection related to heart transplantation in the human blood levels of ANP and BNP increased. Myocarditis was also found elevated levels of ANP and BNP.