薄膜晶体管及其在平板显示中的应用英文版第三章.docVIP

薄膜晶体管及其在平板显示中的应用英文版第三章.doc

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薄膜晶体管及其在平板显示中的应用英文版第三章

薄膜晶体管及其在平板显示中的应用英文版第三章 3 HydrogenatedAmorphousSilicon Thin-FilmTransistors JerzyKanicki*andSandrineMartin UniversityofMichigan,AnnArbor,Michigan,U.S.A. 3.1MOTIVATION Thischapterfocusesonissuesrelatedtotheengineeringofhigh-performancehydrogenatedamorphoussilicon(a-Si:H)thin-filmtransistors(TFTs)suitableforlarge-areahigh-resolutionactive-matrixliquidcrystaldisplays(AMLCDs).Inparticular,theunderlyingphysics,numericalsimulation,andcharacterizationofa-Si:HTFTsanda-Si:HadvancedTFTstructuresaredescribed. Eversincethesolid-staterevolution,silicon-baseddevicesandintegratedcircuitshavereplacedmostoftheconventionalcircuitryinelectronics.Thechangeissosignificantthatthelivesofalmosteveryoneintheworldhavebeenaffected.Vacuumtubes,oncedominantcomposingelementsofelectronicappliancessuchascomputersandradiosarenowhistoricexhibitsandcanhardlybeseenwithoutgoingtoamuseum.However,vacuumtubeshavenotcompletelydisappearedfromourlives.Thegiantvacuumcathoderaytubes(CRTs)stillremainthemajorinformationdisplayterminalfortelevisionandcomputers.Yet*CPOS,UniversityofCalifornia,SantaBarbara,California (sabbatical) Inc. All Rights Reserved. theCRTisgraduallybeingreplacedbytheemergingtechnologyofflat-paneldisplays(FPDs).TheadvantagesofFPDsareobvious,especiallyforportableapplicationssuchaslaptopcomputers,medicalimagingX-raysensors,andavi-onicdisplays.Today,itisalsoclearthattheheavyandbulkyCRTswillsoonbecomehistoryjustliketheirothervacuumcounterparts.Infact,thecommericalbattlebetweenCRTsandFPDsisveryintense.ThemainreasonforFPDs’nothavingcompletelytakenovertheCRTmarketisthattheycostmorethanCRTs,butthegapisclosingeveryyear.Infact,2003isexpectedtobethefirstyearwhenFPDrevenuewillexceedthatofCRTs. AmongvariousFPDs,thedominantproductonthemarketisliquidcrystaldisplays(LCDs).TherearetwotypesofLCDs:passiveandactiveaddressingmodes;theadvantagesoftheformerlayinitslowcost,whilethelatterenableshigh-resolutiondisplays.Foractive-matrixLCDs,silicon(amorphousorpoly-crystall

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