Progress in CT antigen.docVIP

 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 15 Progress in CT antigen [Keywords:] CT antigens Progress In 1991, Bruggen et al [1] the use of gene transfer technology, discovery of the first cancer / testis antigen (cancer testis antigen, CTA) MAGE  1. After 20 years, many scholars have done a lot of the CT antigen research. CTA is a class-specific expression patterns of tumor-associated antigen, its expression has the following characteristics [2,3]: ① a common expression patterns, that is, in normal tissues is limited to the testis germ cells, such as sperm, eggs and placenta expressed in trophoblast cells, but in a variety of tumor tissues have different frequencies of expression; ② the majority of CT antigens in the X chromosome; ③ is usually the form of multiple family members; ④ in a variety of tumor tissue from different sources in, CT antigen expression usually have heterogeneity. Has been found that 96 CTA, respectively, 15 and 31 gene family encoding genes. According to whether CT antigen localization on the X chromosome can be divided into two categories CTA genes: ① X  CTA, positioned on the X chromosome, including MAGE, GAGE, NY  ESO  1 and so on; ② NonX  CTA, were detected in the different the chromosomes, such as SCP  1, CT9, etc.. 1 CTA expression in the reproductive cells can only be defined as the CTA was originally restricted expression in normal testis and a variety of tumor antigens in a class. With the in-depth study found that some do not strictly limit the expression of CTA in normal testis, and in some normal tissues are also expressed. Adult ovary the expression of CTA in general very few [4 ~ 6], but the fetal ovary during the CTA has found a variety of expression [7]. In 2007, Peter et al [7] applied the method of immunohistochemical detection of the MAGE  A1, MAGE  A3, MAGE  A4, MAGE  C1, NY  ESO  1 and other 5 kinds of CTA in the fetal ovary of the expression of different periods the situation and found that five kinds o