CHAPER3COMPUTERHARDWARE.pptVIP

CHAPER 3COMPUTER HARDWARE;Learning Objectives;Chapter Overview; The Problem;What have we learned from this case??;The Significance of Hardware ;Desktop or Portable PC : The Tradeoffs;Computer Hardware ;a microprocessor is made up of millions of microscopic transistors embedded in a circuit on a silicon wafer or “chip” Control unit controls the flows of information Arithmetic-logic unit performs the arithmetic calculations Registers stores very small amounts of data and instructions for short periods of time;CPU (continued …);CPU (continued …);Computer memory affects the type of program it can run and the work it can do, its speed, and both the cost of the machine and the cost of processing data Memory capacity bits - ‘0’ or ‘1’ eight bits are needed to represent any one of alphanumeric character or mathematical operation byte - eight-bit string kilobyte (KB) - 1,024 bytes (210 bytes) megabyte (MB) - 1,048,576 bytes (210 x 210 bytes) most PC have several megabytes of RAM memory gigabyte (GB) - 1,073,741,824 bytes (210 x 210 x 210 bytes) hard drive in modern PCs is often more than one GB terabyte - 1,078,036,791,296 bytes;Primary storage stores for very brief periods of time three types of information data to be processed by the CPU instructions for the CPU as to how to process the data operating system programs that manage various aspects of the computer’s operation four types of primary storage registers random access memory (RAM) cache memory read-only memory;Computer Memory (continued …);Computer Memory (continued …);Computer Memory (continued …);Computer Hierarchy;Computer Hierarchy (continued …);Computer Hierarchy (continued …);Computer Hierarchy (continued …);Input Technologies;Input Technologies (continued …);Monitors the video screen used with most computers that displays input as well as output Printers impact printers like typewriter, using some kind of striking action non-impact printers laser printer - uses laser beams to write information plotters