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Complete genomic sequence analysis of infectious bronchitis virus Ark DPI strain and its evolution by recombination.doc

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Complete genomic sequence analysis of infectious bronchitis virus Ark DPI strain and its evolution by recombination

Virology Journal BioMedCentral Short report Open Access Complete genomic sequence analysis of infectious bronchitis virus Ark DPI strain and its evolution by recombination Arun Ammayappan1,2, Chitra Upadhyay1, Jack Gelb Jr3 and Vikram N Vakharia*1 Address: 1Center of Marine Biotechnology, University of Maryland Biotechnology Institute, Baltimore, 701 East Pratt Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21202-3101, USA, 2Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA and 3Avian Biosciences Center, University of Delaware, 531 South College Avenue, Newark, DE 19716-2150, USA Email: Arun Ammayappan - ammayapp@; Chitra Upadhyay - upadhyay@; Jack Gelb - jgelb@; Vikram N Vakharia* - vakharia@ * Corresponding author Published: 22 December 2008 Received: 22 September 2008 Accepted: 22 December 2008 Virology Journal 2008, 5:157 doi:10.1186/1743-422X-5-157 This article is available from: /content/5/1/157 ? 2008 Ammayappan et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract An infectious bronchitis virus Arkansas DPI (Ark DPI) virulent strain was sequenced, analyzed and compared with many different IBV strains and coronaviruses. The genome of Ark DPI consists of 27,620 nucleotides, excluding poly (A) tail, and comprises ten open reading frames. Comparative sequence analysis of Ark DPI with other IBV strains shows striking similarity to the Conn, Gray, JMK, and Ark 99, which were circulating during that time period. Furthermore, comparison of the Ark genome with other coronaviruses demonstrates a close relationship to turkey coronavirus. Among non-structural genes, the 5untranslated region (UTR), 3C-like proteinase (3CLpro) and the polymerase (RdRp) sequences are 100% identi