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Correlation between mechanical and conductive properties of porousmicrocracked metals.doc

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Correlation between mechanical and conductive properties of porousmicrocracked metals

THEORETICALANDAPPLIEDMECHANICS vol. 28-29,pp. 289-324,Belgrade2002 IssuesdedicatedtomemoryoftheProfessorRastkoStojanovi′c Correlation between mechanical and conductive properties of porous/microcracked metals Igor Sevostianov? Abstract Di?erentphysicalpropertiesofanisotropicporous/microcracked materials-theelasticandtheconductiveones,inparticular-can be explicitlyrelatedtooneanother. Thepracticalusefulnessof suchrelationsliesinthefactthatonephysicalproperty(say,elec- tricconductivity)maybeeasiertomeasurethantheother(say, full set of anisotropic elastic constants). Man-made microstruc- turesdesignedfortheoptimalcombined elastic/conductiveper- formanceconstituteyetanotherapplication. Theserelations,de- rivedfromthemicromechanicalconsiderations,arecon?rmedby experimentsonseveralheterogeneousmaterials. Itisalsoshown thattheanisotropicyieldsurfaceforaporousductilematerialcan be constructed from measurements of the e?ective electric con- ductivities. Thederivedcross-propertycorrelationsaresensitive toporeaspectratiosandPoisson’sratioofthevirginmaterial. 1 Introduction Correlationsbetweenthee?ectsofmicrocracks,poresandvariousinho- mogeneitiesondi?erentphysicalproperties-elasticandconductive,for example-constituteoneofthemostchallengingproblemsinmaterials ?Department of Mechanical Engineering, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces,NM88001,USA(e-mail: igor@) 289 290 I.Sevostianov science. This task is quite challenging: not only the governing equa- tions of elasticity and conductivity are di?erent, but even the tensors thatcharacterizethementionedpropertiesareofdi?erentranks(fourth ranktensorofelasticmodulivssecondranktensorofconductivity),so thatthecross-propertycorrelationsshouldinterrelatedi?erentnumbers ofindependentcomponents. Cross-propertyrelationsbetweenvariouse?ectivepropertiesofhet- erogeneous materials have been examined in several works. The most relevantforthepresentworkistheclassicalpaperofBristow[1]inwhich an explicit connection between the