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Dynamics and Diurnal Variations of Surface Radiation Budget over Agricultural Crops Located in Sudanian Climate.doc

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Dynamics and Diurnal Variations of Surface Radiation Budget over Agricultural Crops Located in Sudanian Climate

Atmospheric and Climate Sciences, 2013, 3, 121-131 /10.4236/acs.2013.31014 Published Online January 2013 (/journal/acs) Dynamics and Diurnal Variations of Surface Radiation Budget over Agricultural Crops Located in Sudanian Climate Basile Kounouhéwa , Ossénatou Mamadou, Gabin Koto N’Gobi, Cossi Norbert Awanou * Laboratoire de Physique du Rayonnement (LPR), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques (FAST), Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Bénin Email: kbbasile@ * Received October 2, 2012; revised November 1, 2012; accepted November 8, 2012 ABSTRACT Energy exchange between land and atmosphere are important in climatic processes. In this paper, the seasonal dynamics and diurnal variations of surface radiation components of agricultural crops are investigated. One year data are used to emphasize the separate contribution of each radiation balance component. From the energy budget equation and FAO empirical model, we compare the clear sky solar radiation and the incoming short wave radiation in order to highlight aerosols and water vapor role in the studied area. The analysis show two important results: 1) The relevance of the short wave radiation in the net radiation budget especially in the wet season and 2) The variations of the long wave radiation were small. Analyses provide an understanding of net radiation seasonal variations in the northern part of Benin. Keywords: Net Radiation; Short Wave Radiation; Long Wave Radiation; Sudanian Climate 1. Introduction in the visible and infrared layers (long wave, 3 μm λ 100 μm). Atmospheric constituents such as water vapor and clouds absorb energy and reemit the same partly downward to the surface as long wave radiation. There- fore, the net radiation (Rn) represents the algebraic sum of the incoming and outgoing short wave and long wave radiatives fluxes. Few studies have been focused on the dynamic and di- urnal variations of surface radiation balance in sudanian climate (Northe