Beta Diversity of Demersal Fish Assemblages in the North-Eastern Pacific Interactions of Latitude and Depth.docVIP

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Beta Diversity of Demersal Fish Assemblages in the North-Eastern Pacific Interactions of Latitude and Depth.doc

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Beta Diversity of Demersal Fish Assemblages in the North-Eastern Pacific Interactions of Latitude and Depth

BetaDiversityofDemersalFishAssemblagesinthe North-EasternPacific:InteractionsofLatitudeandDepth MartiJ.Anderson1*,NickTolimieri2,RussellB.Millar3 1NewZealandInstituteforAdvancedStudy,MasseyUniversity,Albany,Auckland,NewZealand, 2ConservationBiology Division,NorthwestFisheries ScienceCenter, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, 3Department of Statistics, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand Abstract Knowledge of broad-scale global patterns in beta diversity (i.e., variation or turnover in identities of species) for marine systemsisinitsinfancy.WeanalysedthebetadiversityofgroundfishcommunitiesalongtheNorthAmericanPacificcoast, fromtrawldataspanning32.57uNto48.52uNand51mto1200mdepth.AnalyseswerebasedonboththeJaccardmeasure andtheprobabilisticRaup-Crickmeasure,whichaccountsforvariationinalphadiversity.Overall,betadiversitydecreased withdepth,andthis effectwasstrongestatlowerlatitudes.Superimposedonthis trendwerepeaksinbetadiversity at around 400–600m and also around 1000–1200m, which may indicate high turnover around the edges of the oxygen minimumzone.Betadiversitywasalsoobservedtodecreasewithlatitude,butthiseffectwasonlyobservedinshallower waters (,200m); latitudinal turnover began to disappear at depths .800m. At shallower depths (,200m), peaks in latitudinal turnover were observed at ,43uN, 39uN, 35uN and 31uN, which corresponded well with several classically observed oceanographic boundaries. Turnover with depth was stronger than latitudinal turnover, and is likely to reflect strong environmental filtering over relatively short distances. Patterns in beta diversity, including latitude-by-depth interactions,shouldbeintegratedwithotherbiodiversitymeasuresinecosystem-basedmanagementandconservationof groundfishcommunities. Citation: Anderson MJ, Tolimieri N, Millar RB (2013) Beta Diversity of Demersal Fish Assemblages in the North-Eastern Pacific: Interactions of Latitude and Depth.PL