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Choosing in Freedom or Forced to Choose Introspective Blindness to Psychological Forcing in Stage-Magic.doc

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Choosing in Freedom or Forced to Choose Introspective Blindness to Psychological Forcing in Stage-Magic

ChoosinginFreedomorForcedtoChoose?Introspective BlindnesstoPsychologicalForcinginStage-Magic DiegoE.Shalom1*,MaximilianoG.deSousaSerro1,MaximilianoGiaconia1,LuisM.Martinez2, AndresRieznik1,MarianoSigman1 1LaboratoryofIntegrativeNeuroscience,PhysicsDepartment,UniversityofBuenosAires,BuenosAires,Argentina,2InstitutodeNeurocienciasdeAlicante.Universidad MiguelHerna′ndez -ConsejoSuperiordeInvestigacionesCient?′ficas,SantJoand’Alacant,Spain Abstract Weinvestigatedanindividualabilitytoidentifywhetherchoicesweremadefreelyorforcedbyexternalparameters.We capitalizedonmagicalsetupswherethenotionofpsychologicalforcingconstitutesawelltroddenpath.Inlivestagemagic, amagicianguessed cards fromspectators while inquiringhow freelytheythought theyhadmadethechoice. Ourdata showedamarkedblindnessintheintrospectionoffreechoice.Spectatorsassignedcomparableratingswhenchoosingthe cardthatthemagiciandeliberatelyforcedthemcomparedtoanyothercard,eveninclassicalforcing,wherethemagician literallyhandlesacardtotheparticipantThisobservationwasparalleledbyalaboratoryexperimentwhereweobserved modestchangesinsubjectivereportsbyfactorswithdrasticeffectinchoice.Pupildilatation,whichisknowntotagslow cognitive events related to memory and attention, constitutes an efficient fingerprint to index subjective and objective aspectsofchoice. Citation:ShalomDE,deSousaSerroMG,GiaconiaM,MartinezLM,RieznikA,etal.(2013)ChoosinginFreedomorForcedtoChoose?IntrospectiveBlindnessto PsychologicalForcinginStage-Magic.PLoSONE8(3):e58254.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0058254 Editor:SusanaMartinez-Conde,BarrowNeurologicalInstitute,UnitedStatesofAmerica ReceivedNovember28,2012;AcceptedFebruary5,2013;PublishedMarch13,2013 Copyright: ? 2013 Shalom etal. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalauthorandsourcearecredited. Funding: L.M.M. is supported by grants CONSOLIDER CSD2007