Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity and NK Cell-Driven Immune Escape in HIV Infection Implications for HIV Vaccine Development英文文献资料.docVIP

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Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity and NK Cell-Driven Immune Escape in HIV Infection Implications for HIV Vaccine Development英文文献资料.doc

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Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity and NK Cell-Driven Immune Escape in HIV Infection Implications for HIV Vaccine Development英文文献资料

HindawiPublishingCorporation AdvancesinVirology Volume2012,ArticleID637208,8pages doi:10.1155/2012/637208 ReviewArticle Antibody-DependentCellularCytotoxicityand NKCell-DrivenImmuneEscapeinHIVInfection: ImplicationsforHIVVaccineDevelopment GamzeIsitman,IvanStratov,andStephenJ.Kent DepartmentofMicrobiologyandImmunology,UniversityofMelbourne,Melbourne,VIC3010,Australia CorrespondenceshouldbeaddressedtoStephenJ.Kent,skent@.au Received11January2012;Revised13February2012;Accepted13February2012 AcademicEditor:ChristophBoesecke Copyright?2012GamzeIsitmanetal.ThisisanopenaccessarticledistributedundertheCreativeCommonsAttributionLicense, whichpermitsunrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalworkisproperlycited. TheHIV-1genomeismalleableandadi?culttargettotvaccinateagainst.IthaslongbeenrecognisedthatcytotoxicTlymphocytes andneutralisingantibodiesreadilyselectforimmuneescapeHIVvariants.ItisnowalsoclearthatNKcellscanalsoselectfor immuneescape.NKcellsforceimmuneescapethroughbothdirectKiller-immunoglobulin-likereceptor(KIR)-mediatedkilling aswellasthroughfacilitatingantibody-dependentcellularcytotoxicity(ADCC).Thesenewer?ndingsuggestNKcellsandADCC responsesapplysigni?cantpressuretothevirus.Thereisanopportunitytoharnesstheseimmuneresponsesinthedesignofmore e?ectiveHIVvaccines. 1.Introduction CTL(cytotoxicTlymphocyte)andNab(Neutralizinganti- body)responsestoconservedviralepitopesandrestricting opportunitiesforviralescape.However,itisnowalsorecog- nisedotherimmuneresponses,suchasantibody-dependent cellularcytotoxicity(ADCC)andNKcells,selectforimmune escape variants, suggesting additional immune responses applysigni?cantpressuretothevirus[9].ADCCresponses mediated by e?ector NK cells may be useful responses to inducebyvaccination.Thispapersummarizescurrentthink- ingonimmuneescapefromanti-HIVimmuneresponses. The human immunode?ciency virus (HIV-1) pandemic is causingsubstantialmorbidityandmortalityacrosstheglobe, particularly in developing countries.