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Attractors for maps with fractional inverse英文文献资料.doc

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Attractors for maps with fractional inverse英文文献资料

ATTRACTORSFORMAPSWITHFRACTIONALINVERSE M.R.FERCHICHIANDI.DJELLIT Received5November2004 Inthiswork,weconsidersomedynamicalpropertiesandspeci?ccontactbifurcationsof two-dimensionalmapshavinganinversewithvanishingdenominator.Weintroducenew conceptsandnotionsoffocalpointsandprefocalcurveswhichmaycauseandgenerate newdynamicphenomena. Weputinevidencealinkexistingbetweenbasinbifurcation ofamapwithfractionalinverseandtheprefocalcurveofthisinverse. 1.Introduction Speci?cclassofmaps,de?nedbyx=F(x,y),y=G(x,y),withatleastoneofthecom- ponentsForGde?nedbyarationalandfractionalfunction,areevidencedinthelitera- ture(seethereferencestherein),andhaveveryinterestingproperties.Somepeculiardy- namicalpropertieshavebeenevidencedandobservediniteratedmaps(orintheinverse) havingavanishingdenominator orassumingtheform0/0inapointofIR2.Thesepast years have seen substantial progress on several questions concerning two-dimensional maps.Therehavebeenmanybooksondynamical systemstore?ecttherecentinterest, butrelativelyfewofthebookstoo?eralargeaccountofthearea.Inparticular,therehas beenasequenceoftextswhichhavegradually developedthesubjectofbifurcation the- ory,andhaveavarietyofdi?erentstrategiestocoverthesubject,butsomeareasremained fuzzy. Inthispaper,weintroduceandcharacterizenewsingularities followingthenotations [2, 3,4,5,6], called focal point and prefocal curve, and their role on the geometrical propertiesofarationalmapisdescribed. Aprefocal curve isde?ned in[2,3,4,5,6]asasetofpoints forwhich atleast one inverseexists,whichfocalizes thewhole setintoasingle point, called focalpoint.Abi- furcationoftheunstablesetofasaddlepoint(orasaddlecycle),atthecontactwiththe setofpointswhichvanishthedenominator (calledthesetofnonde?nition),givesriseto unboundedbranchesoftheunstableset.Thiskindofbifurcationisspeci?ctomapswith denominator. Anotherconsiderableproperty(formapswithinversehavingavanishingdenomina- tor)isacurve,onwhichthedenominatorvanishes,whichcanseparatetheplaneinare