Behavior of Carbon-Carbon Composite under Intense Heating英文文献资料.docVIP

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Behavior of Carbon-Carbon Composite under Intense Heating英文文献资料.doc

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Behavior of Carbon-Carbon Composite under Intense Heating英文文献资料

HindawiPublishingCorporation InternationalJournalofAerospaceEngineering Volume2010,ArticleID257957,7pages doi:10.1155/2010/257957 ResearchArticle BehaviorofCarbon-CarbonCompositeunderIntenseHeating R.Palaninathan DepartmentofAppliedMechanics,IndianInstituteofTechnology,600036Madras,India CorrespondenceshouldbeaddressedtoR.Palaninathan,rpnathan@iitm.ac.in Received31July2009;Accepted10February2010 AcademicEditor:S.Gopalakrishnan Copyright?2010R.Palaninathan.ThisisanopenaccessarticledistributedundertheCreativeCommonsAttributionLicense, whichpermitsunrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalworkisproperlycited. This paper is concerned with modeling of ablation behavior of carbon-carbon composites used in hot spot areas of reentry spaceandhypersonicvehicles. Ofthethreemodesofablation(thermal,chemical andmechanical), thechemical (oxidation) isconsideredtoin?uencetheperformanceofthematerial.Aerodynamicheat?uxneedtobecomputedseparatelyandisthe inputforthis.Thethermal?eldisobtainedby3D?niteelementmethod.Nonlineartransientthermalanalysisiscarriedout,as thematerialpropertiesaredependentontemperatures.Oxidationratesarecomputedusingtheanalyticalrelationsavailablein literature.Theoxidationisdividedintotworegimes:reactionrateanddi?usionratecontrolled.Mainlythesurfacetemperature controlstheregime.Theoxidationprotectedmaterialsareconsideredbyusingtheparameter“activationenergy.”Thevariationsof ambienttemperature,pressureandoxygenconcentrationwithaltitudearetakenintoconsideration.Astherecessiontakesplace, newersurfacesareexposedtoaerodynamicheating.Numericalexamplesarepresentedtoshowthee?ectsof:heat?ux,altitude andoxidationprotectionontherecessioncharacteristics.Changeofregimefromreactiontodi?usionratecontroldependson parameterssuchas?owvelocityandaltitude.Thelatterhassigni?cantin?uenceonablationrate. 1.IntroductionandaBriefLiteratureReview high temperature ablators (HTAs). The LTAs are of ?ber reinforcedcomposites,withthermosettsasthebinder.This