Beyond Histone and Deacetylase An Overview of Cytoplasmic Histone Deacetylases and Their Nonhistone Substrates英文文献资料.docVIP

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Beyond Histone and Deacetylase An Overview of Cytoplasmic Histone Deacetylases and Their Nonhistone Substrates英文文献资料.doc

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Beyond Histone and Deacetylase An Overview of Cytoplasmic Histone Deacetylases and Their Nonhistone Substrates英文文献资料

HindawiPublishingCorporation JournalofBiomedicineandBiotechnology Volume2011,ArticleID146493,15pages doi:10.1155/2011/146493 ReviewArticle BeyondHistoneandDeacetylase:AnOverviewofCytoplasmic HistoneDeacetylasesandTheirNonhistoneSubstrates Ya-LiYao andWen-MingYang 1 2 1 2 DepartmentofBiotechnology,AsiaUniversity,Taichung41354,Taiwan InstituteofMolecularBiology,NationalChungHsingUniversity,250Kuo-KuangRoad,Taichung40227,Taiwan CorrespondenceshouldbeaddressedtoWen-MingYang,yangwm@.tw Received20July2010;Revised22October2010;Accepted16November2010 AcademicEditor:PatrickMatthias Copyright?2011Y.-L.YaoandW.-M.Yang.ThisisanopenaccessarticledistributedundertheCreativeCommonsAttribution License,whichpermitsunrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalworkisproperly cited. Acetylationoflysinesisaprominentformofmodi?cationinmammalianproteins.Deacetylationofproteinsiscatalyzedbyhistone deacetylases,traditionallynamedaftertheirroleinhistonedeacetylation,transcriptionalmodulation,andepigeneticregulation. Despite the link between histone deacetylases and chromatin structure, some of the histone deacetylases reside in various compartmentsinthecytoplasm.Here,wereviewhowthesecytoplasmichistonedeacetylasesareregulated,theidenti?cation ofnonhistonesubstrates,andthefunctionalimplicationsoftheirnondeacetylaseenzymaticactivities. 1.Introduction nucleusandthecytoplasm.Inthispaper,wechoosetofocus onnonhistonesubstratesofHDACs,includingthoseinthe nucleus and those in the cytoplasm. We will also discuss howthesedeacetylasesareregulatedandanynon-deacetylase functionstheymightpossess. Acetylationisoneofthemostprominentposttranslational modi?cations a?ecting the functions of proteins. The ?rst acetylated protein identi?ed is histone [1]. Twenty-seven yearsafterthisdiscovery,histoneacetyltransferases(HATs) andhistonedeacetylases(HDACs)wereidenti?edtobethe enzymes responsible for the acetylation and deacetylation of lysines of histone proteins [2