Bone Accumulations of Spotted Hyaenas (Crocuta crocuta, Erxleben, 1777) as Indicators of Diet and Human Conflict; Mashatu, Botswana英文文献资料.docVIP

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Bone Accumulations of Spotted Hyaenas (Crocuta crocuta, Erxleben, 1777) as Indicators of Diet and Human Conflict; Mashatu, Botswana英文文献资料.doc

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Bone Accumulations of Spotted Hyaenas (Crocuta crocuta, Erxleben, 1777) as Indicators of Diet and Human Conflict; Mashatu, Botswana英文文献资料

HindawiPublishingCorporation InternationalJournalofEcology Volume2012,ArticleID178348,6pages doi:10.1155/2012/178348 ResearchArticle BoneAccumulationsofSpottedHyaenas(Crocutacrocuta, Erxleben,1777)asIndicatorsofDietandHumanCon?ict; Mashatu,Botswana BrianF.Kuhn InstituteforHumanEvolution,SchoolofGeosciences,UniversityoftheWitwatersrand(WITS),Johannesburg2050,SouthAfrica CorrespondenceshouldbeaddressedtoBrianF.Kuhn,kuhnbf@ Received18November2011;Revised2March2012;Accepted2March2012 AcademicEditor:BruceLeopold Copyright?2012BrianF.Kuhn. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, whichpermitsunrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalworkisproperlycited. Inaregionwherefreerangingdomesticspeciesmixwithwildlife,itisimperativetodeterminewhat,ifany,predationmayhave occurredondomesticstock.Ashumansettlementscontinuouslyencroachuponwildhabitats,determiningthetypesofpredator- humancon?ictsthatexistcanbecrucialtoconservenumerouspredatorspecies.Thepartialdietofspottedhyaenas(Crocuta crocuta)oftheMashatuGameReserve,Botswana,wasestablishedviaanalysesoffaunalremainsassociatedwithfourdensto determinepredation/scavengingonwildordomesticspecies.Domesticspeciescomposedlessthan3%ofidenti?edfaunalremains. Weacknowledgethatthismethodologyisbiasedagainstsmallmammals,but,whencombinedwith sociologicalstudies,this methodologywillaidindeterminingallegedpredationondomesticstockbyspottedhyaenas.Resultsindicatedthatthespotted hyaenasinquestionfeedprimarilyonwildspecies. 1.Introduction africana, Blumenbach, 1797), amongst problem animals [17].AstudyinEastAfricahasshownthatlionshaveamuch greatere?ectonlivestockpopulationsthanspottedhyaenas, but the local pastoralists have a greater animosity towards hyaenas [18]. In contrast, a survey in Ethiopia indicated thatspottedhyaenasareresponsiblefordirectpredationon domesticstock[19].Forthemostpart,studiesdetermining which species has the most detrimental e?ect on li