framed aloha for multiple rfid objects ….pptVIP

Bin ZHEN, Mamoru KOBAYASHI, Masashi SHIMIZU ? IEICE TRANS. COMMUN., VOL.E88–B, NO.3 MARCH 2005 摘要：RFID技术能够对日常用品进行识别、追踪和记录，因此大规模应用RFID技术，标签的制作必须简单、功耗低，有效的防碰撞机制,而读卡器必须做到对标签的识别时间短，功耗低。本文研究利用帧ALOHA协议如何有效的读取标签，为了使功耗低、读取时间短，本文提出了一个模型来分析被动(passive tags)和主动标签(active tags)在无线衰落信道(wireless fading channels)的捕获效应(capture effect)。最后本文进行了仿真验证分析，此外本文还提出了一个设想用于在确定性的防碰撞算法中消除捕获效应。 SUMMARY Radio frequency identification (RFID) enables everyday objects to be identified, tracked, and recorded. The RFID tags are must be extremely simple and of low cost to be suitable for large scale application. An efficient RFID anti-collision mechanism must have low access latency and low power consumption. This paper investigates how to recognize multiple RFID tags within the reader’s interrogation ranges without knowing the number of tags in advance by using framed ALOHA. ? P-RFID：passive RFID systems，无源标签的RFID系统 A-RFID：active RFID systems，有源标签的RFID系统 capture effect：捕获效应 Rayleigh fading：瑞利衰落 Rician fading：莱斯衰落 1. Introduction The RFID tags can be either active or passive [1]. Active tags are continually powered by internal batteries, while passive tags have no internal power and reflect energy from the reader for communication. Furthermore, limited available bandwidth means that all tags must share a common broadcast channel. This leads to mutual interference when there is more than one tag within interrogation zone of a reader, which is known as packet collision. A natural question is: what is the best communication protocol so that the tags can be read as fast and reliable as possible? This is known as anti-collision problem. ? RFID 标签分为主动式(Active)和被动式(Passive)两种。主动式标签通常由内置电池供电，又称为有源标签；被动式标签不带电池，又称为无源标签，其所需能量均由阅读器所产生的电磁波提供。此外，有限的带宽使得所有标签必须共享相同的广播信道。当多个标签同时向读卡器发送信息时就会产生相互干扰，这是数据包碰撞。那么一个自然的问题是：什么是最好的通信协议，它能够使标签又快又准确的被读取，这就是所谓的防碰撞问题。 2. Framed ALOHA Access of RFID System Framed ALOHA is a variation of slotted ALOHA where a terminal is permitted to transmit once per frame which can be either fix