GeneticDisorders遗传性疾病.pptVIP

* * 1 * Basic Immunology University of Tabuk Faculty of Applied Medical Science Department of Medical Laboratory Technology Mr.AYMAN.S.YOUSIF MSc.Medical Microbiology Immunology Academic Year: 1433-1434 (2012-2013) Mr.AYMAN.S.YOUSIF 10- 11/03/2013 Lecture 5: Acquired Immunity Objectives At the end of this lecture, you should be able to: To compare and contrast antigens recognized by the TCR and BCR. To describe the pathways involved in processing endogenous and exogenous antigens. To discuss self MHC restriction in antigen presentation to T cells. To describe the major antigen presenting cells. 1 Comparison of BCR and TCR B cells and T cells recognize different substances as antigens and in a different form. The B cell uses cell surface-bound immunoglobulin as a receptor and the specificity of that receptor is the same as the immunoglobulin that it is able to secrete after activation. B cells recognize the following antigens in soluble form: Proteins. Nucleic acids. Polysaccharides. Some lipids. Small chemicals (haptens). 2 Comparison of BCR and TCR In contrast, the overwhelming majority of antigens for T cells are proteins, and these must be fragmented and recognized in association with MHC products expressed on the surface of nucleated cells, not in soluble form. T cells are grouped functionally according to the class of MHC molecules that associate with the peptide fragments of protein: Helper T cells recognize only those peptides associated with class II MHC molecules, and cytotoxic T cells recognize only those peptides associated with class I MHC molecules. 3 Antigen Processing and Presentation Antigen processing refers to the. ability of APCs to break down antigen into peptides and to associate those peptides with MHC molecules Antigen presentation is he process of displaying peptide antigens associated with MHC molecules to a T cell. MHC class I molecules present degradation products derived from intracellular (endogenous) proteins i