建筑屋顶雨水径流初期冲刷效应研究.pdfVIP

环填污染与防治第33 卷第6 期 2011 年 6 月 建筑屋顶雨水径流初期冲刷效应研究骨 张凡l 董志龙l 王宝山忡 (1.甘肃省环境科学设计研究院，甘肃 兰州 730030;2. 兰州交通大学环境与市政工程学院，甘肃 兰州 730070) 摘要 以无量纲化后的雨水径流污染物和径流输送量为基础，通过引人间隙函数，建立了雨水径流污染物的初期冲刷效应定 量评价公式，对建筑屋顶雨水初期冲刷现象进行了研究。结果表明:(1)建筑屋顶雨水径流污染物浓度总体上呈现出前期高于后期 的现象，且污染物浓度较低，建筑屋顶雨水利用可作为雨水利用的优先方向。 (2) 间隙函数存在峰值区域，峰值区域的无量纲化雨水 径流量总体处于 0.3-0.6。随着降雨强度的增加，间隙函数峰值区域出现时间总体呈现提前趋势。 (3) 控制建筑屋顶雨水径流深 度1. 6-2. 0 mm 就可以达到污染物高效控制的目的。从雨水利用角度，建筑屋顶雨水利用时，初期雨水径流弃流深度也应为1. 6- 2.0 mm , (4) 建筑屋顶雨水径流污染物的初期冲刷强度(SFF)均大于 O. 显示了较强的初期冲刷效应。随着降雨强度的增加.SFF 平均值增加。不同的污染物具有不同的 SFF.SFF 平均值由高到低分别为 TP， TN， SS、 COD.但总体相差不大。 关键词初期冲刷雨水径流面源污染 1 1 2 Study on first Dush effect of rainwater runoff from building roofs ZHANG Fan • DONG Zhilong • WANG Baoshan • (1. Gansu Academy of Environmental Science Reseαrch and Design. Lanzhou Gansu 730030; 2. School of Environ- mental and Municipal Engineering •Lanzhou ] iaotong University. Lanzhou Gansu 730070) Abstract: Base on the dimensionless handled rainwater runoff pollutants and runoff volume. the equation for quantitative evaluation the first flush effect of rainwater runoff pollutants was established by introducing a clearance function. The established equation was applied to investigate the first flush phenomena of rainwater runoff from build roo f. Results showed that the concentration of runoff pollutants in initial period was general higher than that in later periods; roof rainwater runoff could be reutilized for the concentration of pollutants in roof runoff was relatively low; there was peak area existed in the clearance function. the dimensionless cumulative runoff volume in this peak area ranged from O. 3 to O. 6. the peak area was