9-Genes Reinforce the Phylogeny of Holometabola and Yield Alternate Views on the Phylogenetic Placement of Strepsiptera 英文参考文献.docVIP
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9-Genes Reinforce the Phylogeny of Holometabola and Yield Alternate Views on the Phylogenetic Placement of Strepsiptera 英文参考文献
9-GenesReinforcethePhylogenyofHolometabolaand
YieldAlternateViewsonthePhylogeneticPlacementof
Strepsiptera
DuaneD.McKenna1*,BrianD.Farrell2
1Department of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America, 2Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University,
Cambridge,Massachusetts,UnitedStatesofAmerica
Abstract
Background:Theextraordinarymorphology,reproductiveanddevelopmentalbiology,andbehavioralecologyoftwisted
wing parasites (order Strepsiptera) have puzzled biologists for centuries. Even today, the phylogenetic position of these
enigmatic‘‘insectsfromouterspace’’[1]remainsuncertainandcontentious.Recentauthorshavearguedfortheplacement
ofStrepsiptera within orasacloserelative ofbeetles(order Coleoptera), assistergroupofflies (orderDiptera), oreven
outsideofHolometabola.
Methodology/PrincipalFindings:Here,wecombinedatafromseveralrecentstudieswithnewdata(foratotalof9nuclear
genes and ,13 kb of aligned data for 34 taxa), to help clarify the phylogenetic placement of Strepsiptera. Our results
unequivocally support the monophyly of Neuropteroidea (=Neuropterida + Coleoptera) + Strepsiptera, but recover
Strepsipteraeitherderivedfromwithinpolyphaganbeetles(orderColeoptera),orinapositionsistertoNeuropterida.All
othersupra-ordinal-andordinal-levelrelationshipsrecoveredwithstrongnodalsupportwereconsistentwithmostother
recentstudies.
Conclusions/Significance:Theseresults,coupledwiththerecentproposedplacementofStrepsipterasistertoColeoptera,
suggestthatwhilethephylogeneticneighborhoodofStrepsipterahasbeenidentified,unequivocalplacementtoaspecific
branchwithinNeuropteroideawillrequireadditionalstudy.
Citation: McKenna DD, Farrell BD (2010) 9-Genes Reinforce the Phylogeny of Holometabola and Yield Alternate Views on the Phylogenetic Placement of
Strepsiptera.PLoSONE5(7):e11887.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0011887
Editor:WayneDelport,UniversityofCaliforniaSanDiego,UnitedStatesofAmerica
ReceivedApril12,2010;AcceptedJune29,2010;PublishedJul
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