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A 50-Year-Old Man with Deteriorating Cognitive Function and Impaired Movement 英文参考文献
Learning Forum
A 50-Year-Old Man with Deteriorating
Cognitive Function and Impaired Movement
Andrew J. Larner
D E S C R I P T I O N o f C A S E
Box 1: Description of Cognitive Tests
A
Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)
A brief (5–10 minutes) mental status questionnaire assessing
attention, orientation, memory, language, and visuospatial
copying.
50-year-old man was referred to the Cognitive
Function Clinic with a 12- to 18-month history of
deterioration in his memory. The symptoms reported
by the patient and his wife included forgetting what he was
supposed to be doing, occasional disorientation in place,
misplacing objects, and word-finding difficulties, all of which
had affected his occupational function as a high school
teacher. His past medical history was unremarkable. In the
family history, his mother was said to have had Alzheimer
disease (AD) in her fifties and died in her sixties, but no
further details were available to confirm or refute this. The
patient’s neurological examination was normal.
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale–Revised (WAIS-R)
Widely used test battery of general cognitive abilities, deriving
a full scale IQ from six subtests that comprise Verbal IQ and five
subtests that comprise Performance IQ. Administration time
1–2 hours; may require more than one consultation if patients
become fatigued.
National Adult Reading Test (NART)
A reading test of 50 irregularly spelled words. Since this function
is relatively preserved in some forms of dementia, the NART
may be used to estimate premorbid cognitive function, since
longitudinal assessments of IQ are almost never available in
initial clinical evaluation.
Initial Investigations
On the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE; see Box 1
for brief descriptions of cognitive tests), the patient scored
26/30 with evidence of impaired delayed recall. Initial
neuropsychological assessment showed no evidence of
generalised intellectual loss, since the full scale IQ measured
with the Wechsler Adult Inte
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