A Reverse Engineering Approach to the Suppression of Citation Biases Reveals Universal Properties of Citation Distributions 英文参考文献.docVIP

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A Reverse Engineering Approach to the Suppression of Citation Biases Reveals Universal Properties of Citation Distributions 英文参考文献.doc

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A Reverse Engineering Approach to the Suppression of Citation Biases Reveals Universal Properties of Citation Distributions 英文参考文献

AReverseEngineeringApproachtotheSuppressionof CitationBiasesRevealsUniversalPropertiesofCitation Distributions FilippoRadicchi1,2,3*,ClaudioCastellano4,5 1Departamentd’EnginyeriaQuimica,UniversitatRoviraiVirgili,Catalunya,Spain,2HowardHughesMedicalInstitute(HHMI),NorthwesternUniversity,Evanston,Illinois, UnitedStatesofAmerica,3DepartmentofChemicalandBiologicalEngineering,NorthwesternUniversity,Evanston,Illinois,UnitedStatesofAmerica,4IstitutodeiSistemi Complessi(ISC-CNR),Italy,5DipartimentodiFisica,‘‘Sapienza’’Universita` diRoma,Roma,Italy Abstract Thelargeamountofinformationcontainedinbibliographicdatabaseshasrecentlyboostedtheuseofcitations,andother indicatorsbasedoncitationnumbers,astoolsforthequantitativeassessmentofscientificresearch.Citationscountsare ofteninterpretedasproxiesforthescientificinfluenceofpapers,journals,scholars,andinstitutions.However,arigorous andscientificallygroundedmethodologyforacorrectuseofcitationcountsisstillmissing.Inparticular,cross-disciplinary comparisonsintermsofrawcitationcountssystematicallyfavorsscientificdisciplineswithhighercitationandpublication rates.Hereweperformanexhaustivestudyofthecitationpatternsofmillionsofpapers,andderiveasimpletransformation of citation counts able to suppress the disproportionate citation counts among scientific domains. We find that the transformationiswelldescribedbyapower-lawfunction,andthattheparametervaluesofthetransformationaretypical featuresofeachscientificdiscipline.Universalpropertiesofcitationpatternsdescendthereforefromthefactthatcitation distributionsforpapersinaspecificfieldareallpartofthesamefamilyofunivariatedistributions. Citation: Radicchi F, Castellano C (2012) A Reverse Engineering Approach to the Suppression of Citation Biases Reveals Universal Properties of Citation Distributions.PLoSONE7(3):e33833.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033833 Editor:Bu¨lentYener,RensselaerPolytechnicInstitute,UnitedStatesofAmerica ReceivedNovember3,2011;AcceptedFebruary17,2012;PublishedMarch29,2012 C