Alternative Sigma Factor σH Modulates Prophage Integration and Excision in Staphylococcus aureus 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Alternative Sigma Factor σH Modulates Prophage Integration and Excision in Staphylococcus aureus 英文参考文献.doc

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Alternative Sigma Factor σH Modulates Prophage Integration and Excision in Staphylococcus aureus 英文参考文献

AlternativeSigmaFactorsH ModulatesProphage IntegrationandExcisioninStaphylococcusaureus LiangTao.,XiaoqianWu.,BaolinSun* HefeiNationalLaboratoryforPhysicalSciencesatMicroscaleandSchoolofLifeSciences,UniversityofScienceandTechnologyofChina,Hefei,Anhui,China Abstract Theprophageisoneofthemostimportantcomponentsofvariableregionsinbacterialgenomes.Someprophagescarry additionalgenesthatmayenhancethetoxicityandsurvivalabilityoftheirhostbacteria.Thisphenomenonispredominant in Staphylococcus aureus, a very common human pathogen. Bioinformatics analysis of several staphylococcal prophages revealed a highly conserved 40-bp untranslated region upstream of the int gene. A small transcript encoding phage integrasewasidentifiedtobeinitiatedfromtheregion,demonstratingthattheuntranslatedregioncontainedapromoter forint.NotypicalrecognitionsequenceforeithersAorsBwasidentifiedinthe40-bpregion.Experimentsbothinvitroand invivodemonstratedthatsHrecognizedthepromoteranddirectedtranscription.GeneticdeletionofsigHalteredtheint expression,andsubsequently,theexcisionproportionofprophageDNAs.PhageassaysfurthershowedthatsigHaffected theabilityofspontaneouslysisandlysogenizationinS.aureus,suggestingthatsigHplaysaroleinstabilizingthelysogenic state.Thesefindingsrevealedanovelmechanismofprophageintegrationspecificallyregulatedbyahost-sourcealternative sigmafactor.Thismechanismsuggestsaco-evolutionstrategyofstaphylococcalprophagesandtheirhostbacteria. Citation: Tao L, Wu X, Sun B (2010) Alternative Sigma Factor sH Modulates Prophage Integration and Excision in Staphylococcus aureus. PLoS Pathog 6(5): e1000888.doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1000888 Editor:AmbroseCheung,DartmouthMedicalSchool,UnitedStatesofAmerica ReceivedAugust19,2009;AcceptedApril1,2010;PublishedMay13,2010 Copyright:?2010Taoetal.Thisisanopen-accessarticledistributedunderthetermsoftheCreativeCommonsAttributionLicense,whichpermitsunrestricted use,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalauthorandsourcearecredited. Fund