ama1 Genes of Sympatric Plasmodium vivax and P. falciparum from Venezuela Differ Significantly in Genetic Diversity and Recombination Frequency 英文参考文献.docVIP
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ama1 Genes of Sympatric Plasmodium vivax and P. falciparum from Venezuela Differ Significantly in Genetic Diversity and Recombination Frequency 英文参考文献
ama1GenesofSympatricPlasmodiumvivaxandP.
falciparumfromVenezuelaDifferSignificantlyinGenetic
DiversityandRecombinationFrequency
RosalynnL.Ord,AdrianaTami¤, ColinJ.Sutherland*
DepartmentofInfectiousTropicalDiseases,LondonSchoolofHygieneTropicalMedicine,London,UnitedKingdom
Abstract
Background: We present the first population genetic analysis of homologous loci from two sympatric human malaria
parasitepopulationssharingthesamehumanhosts,usingfull-lengthsequencesofama1genesfromPlasmodiumvivaxand
P.falciparumcollectedintheVenezuelanAmazon.
Methodology/PrincipalFindings:Significantdifferencesbetweenthetwospecieswerefoundingeneticdiversityatthe
ama1 locus, with 18 distinct haplotypes identified among the 73 Pvama1 sequences obtained, compared to 6 unique
haplotypesfrom30Pfama1sequences,givingoveralldiversityestimatesofh=0.9091,andh=0.538respectively.Levelsof
recombinationwerealsofoundtodifferbetweenthespecies,withP.falciparumexhibitingverylittlerecombinationacross
the1.77kbsequence.Incontrast,analysisofpatternsofnucleotidesubstitutionsprovidedevidencethatpolymorphismsin
theama1geneofbothspeciesaremaintainedbybalancingselection,particularlyindomainI.Thetwodistinctpopulation
structures observed are unlikely to result from different selective forces acting upon the two species, which share both
humanandmosquitohostsinthissetting.Rather,thehighlystructuredP.falciparumpopulationappearstobetheresultof
apopulationbottleneck,whilethemuchlessstructuredP.vivaxpopulationislikelytobederivedfromanancientpoolof
diversity,asreflectedinalargerestimateofeffectivepopulationsizeforthisspecies.Greatlyreducedmosquitotransmission
in1997,duetolowrainfallpriortothesecondsurvey,wasassociatedwithfarfewerP.falciparuminfections,butanincrease
inP.vivaxinfections,probablyduetohypnozoiteactivation.
Conclusions/Significance: The relevance of these findings to putative competitive interactions between these two
importanthumanpathogenspeciesisdiscussed.Theseresultshighlighttheneedforfuturecontrolinter
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