稀土固体催化剂在生物柴油合成中的应用研究进展.pdfVIP

学兔兔 化 工 进 展 2016年第35卷第2期 CHEMICAL INDUSTRY AND ENGINEER1NG PROGRESS ·493· 稀土固体催化剂在生物柴油合成中的应用研究进展 舒庆，侯小鹏 (江西理工大学冶金与化学工程学院，江西 赣州341000) 摘要：由于稀土元素具有独特的价电子构型，因而含有稀土元素的固体酸碱催化剂通常都具有独特的空间结构 和催化性能。本文对稀土固体酸碱催化剂的种类及特点进行了综述，并对其在分别及同时催化酯化和酯交换反 应合成生物柴油中的研究进展进行了详细论述；对各类稀土固体酸碱催化剂的优缺点进行了综合比较分析；对 各类稀土固体酸碱催化剂具有不同催化活性和稳定性的内在影响原因进行了分析；着重介绍了稀土氧化物的催 化反应机理；指出固体酸催化剂已成为经化学催化法合成生物柴油的新发展趋势，如何通过稀土元素掺杂来获 得高活性和稳定性的固体酸催化剂，将是今后的一个重要研究方向。 关键词：稀土；生物柴油；催化剂；活性 中图分类号：TQ 645．8 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1000—6613(2016)02—0493—06 DoI：10．16085~．issn．1000—6613．2016．02．022 Research progress of the application of solid catalysts with rare earth in the synthesis of biodiesel SHUQing，HOUXiaopeng (School ofMemllurgy and Chemical Engineering，Jiangxi University ofScience and Technology，Ganzhou 341000， Jiangxi，China) Abstract：Rare earth elements have unique valence electron confguration，with which the solid catalysts will have special chemical structures and catalytic performance．In this paper，the types and characteristics of rare earth—based solid acid and alkali catalysts were reviewed．Moreover，the employment of rare earth—based solid acid and alkali catalysts in the esterification，tranesterfication and simultaneous esterification and transesterification reaction were introduced and analyzed in detail．The advantages and disadvantages of different kinds of rare earth solid acid and alkali catalysts were compared．The intema1 reason why different kinds of rare earth solid acid and alkali catalysts h